smart sensor for real-time quantification of common symptoms present in unhealthy plants智能传感器实时量化的常见症状出现在不健康的植物.pdf

Sensors 2012, 12, 784-805; doi:10.3390/s120100784 OPEN ACCESS sensors ISSN 1424-8220 /journal/sensors Article Smart Sensor for Real-Time Quantification of Common Symptoms Present in Unhealthy Plants Luis M. Contreras-Medina 1,2, Roque A. Osornio-Rios 1,*, Irineo Torres-Pacheco 2, Rene de J. Romero-Troncoso 1, Ramon G. Guevara-González 2 and Jesus R. Millan-Almaraz 3 1 HSPdigital-CA Mecatrónica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Campus San Juan del Rio, Rio Moctezuma 249, 76807 San Juan del Rio, Qro., México; E-Mails: mcontreras@ (L.M.C.-M.); troncoso@ (R.J.R.-T.) 2 Ingeniería de Biosistemas CA, División de Estudios de Posgrado, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Cerro de las Campanas S/N, 76010 Querétaro, Qro., México; E-Mails: irineo.torres@uaq.mx (I.T.-P.); ramon.guevara@uaq.mx (R.G.G.-G.) 3 Facultad de Ciencias Físico-Matemáticas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Av. De las Américas y Blvd., Universitarios, Cd. Universitaria, 80000 Culiacán, Sin., México; E-Mail: jrmillan@.mx * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: raosornio@; Tel.: +52-427-274-1244; Fax: +52-427-274-1244. Received: 16 November 2011; in revised form: 7 January 2012 / Accepted: 10 January 2012 / Published: 11 January 2012 Abstract: Plant responses to physiological function disorders are called symptoms and they are caused principally by pathogens and nutritional deficiencies. Plant symptoms are commonly used as indicators of the health and nutrition st