编组站咽喉区安全分析.doc

交通运输毕业论文 题 目:编组站咽喉区安全分析 年 级:2010级 学 号: 姓 名: 专 业: 指导老师: 摘要 安全是铁路运输永恒的主题，是铁路企业做好一切工作的基础，是铁路工作质量的综合反映。编组站咽喉区往往是事故多发区，它的安全与否将直接影响铁路的经济效益与社会效益。铁路越是深化改革，走向市场，加快发展，越要强化安全基础，搞好安全生产，特别是编组站咽喉区安全。 本论文以铁路行车事故为背景，根据铁路行车事故的重要性质，系统地分析了咽喉区易发生的各种行车事故。运用人—机—环境工程学理论和事故树、事变树以及成败树等多种模型，采用宏观分析与微观分析相结合的办法，对列车冲突、脱轨、冒进、溜逸、错误办理接发列车以及调车挤岔等惯性事故进行了系统分析。从直接影响编组站咽喉区安全的人员、设备、环境等因素来分析事故发生的原因及其相互间的内在联系，科学合理地提出预防措施，减少咽喉区事故的发生，避免重蹈覆辙。论文的主要工作如下: 1、提出问题，分析比较国内外对咽喉区安全分析的现状； 2、系统分析了编组站各场咽喉区的关键技术与主要用途； 3、运用人—机—环境工程学理论和事故树、事变树、成败树等多种模型，采用宏观分析与微观分析相结合的办法，对列车冲突、脱轨、冒进、溜逸、错误办理接发列车以及调车挤岔等惯性事故进行系统分析，有针对地分别提出预防措施； 4、通过对导致咽喉区安全事故的分析，分别从强化职工工作控制、提高设备质盘、实行规范管理以及通过构建科学的安全检查监测保障体系实现科技保安全4个方面，提出实现编组站咽喉区安全有序可控生产的对策。 【关键词】铁路运输；咽喉区；行车安全；事故分析 Abstract The safety is the theme of railway transportation, the basis of all the railway works, the comprehensive express of railway work quality. Marshalling throat is often accident-prone areas. Its safety will influence directly the economical and social benefits of railways. The railway must enhance the safety base and do safeties work well as the railway reforms deeply and develops quickly. According to the important properties of Railway Accident, this thesis systematically analyzes various traffic accidents which took place in railway as the background. In the thesis, the railway traffic accidents of the conflict, separation from the track, smooth movement, slide, mistake operation of the train meeting and departing, the movement of the train will be analyzed systematically, applying the engineering theory of human- machine-environment and the model of the accident tree, the changing tree, the tree of success-lose. This thesis puts forward to the forecast and scientific measures, reduces the occurrence of the railway traffic accident, and avoids drawing a lesson with the analysis of the accident occurrence reason and mutual contact of human, equipments environments which influence directly the railway traffic safety. The main work of the thesis as follows: 1. Rai