形近义近词汇….docx
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形近义近词汇
1.abide, adhere, conform, comply
abide+by表示“遵守,同意”【I will abide by the director decision.我将遵从主任的决定。
adhere +to表示“遵守”【Car drivers must adhere to the rules of driving.汽车司机必须遵守驾驶规则。
conform+to表示“遵守,符合”【All individuals are required to conform to the laws made by their governments.
comply +with表示“遵守,服从”,用于正式的场合【Our company complies with governmental regulations on paying taxes.
2.abnormal, uncommon, disordered
abnormal a.不正常的,反常的(但并非罕见),指行为或现象(如气候)的异常。
【His body temperature has been abnormal for 3 days, the highest point reaching 40.5 degree centigrade.他的体温三天来一直都不正常,最高的时候达到40.5摄氏度。(尽管身体发烧不正常,但生活中也时有发生。)
uncommon a.罕见的,不平常的,指很少经历或很少见到的状况;特别的,出色的。
【Hurricanes are uncommon in England.飓风在英国非常罕见。
【That is uncommon instant coffee; it tastes great!那速溶咖啡质量上乘,味道好极了!
disordered a.混乱的,杂乱的;(精神或身体)有病的。
【We couldnt understand her disordered presentation.我们听不明白她条理不清的陈述。
3.abolish, cancel, eliminate, dispose, erase, exclude, extinguish
abolish v.指对法律、习俗、制度的废除;完全破坏。
【The government abolished the tax on alcohol.政府取消了酒税。
cancel v.对预先安排的某种活动(如旅行、计划、会议等)的取消;删去(字、句)。
【The meeting has been cancelled because of the flu.会议由于流感而取消了。
eliminate v.指消除、淘汰已经存在但是现在不需要的东西。
【The losing team was eliminated from further competition.失利的那个队被淘汰了,不能参加下一阶段的比赛。
【The doctor helped him eliminate toxins from the intestine.医生帮助他排出肠中毒素。
dispose v.处理,处置;表示“除掉、扔掉”时常与of连用。(这一点需要注意。)
【After your picnic, please dispose of the litter.野餐后请清除掉垃圾。
erase v.除去,擦掉,指有意识地除去字迹、声音等。
【I erased the music on the tape before recording on the tape again.我在往磁带上录音之前先消掉了上面的音乐。
exclude v.排斥;排除,不包括在内,与include互为反义词。
【The restaurant excludes anyone who is not properly dressed from entering.衣冠不整者不得进入该餐馆。
extinguish v.熄灭,扑灭(火);使沉默,使暗淡。
【Firefighters extinguished a big fire.消防队员扑灭了大火。
4.abstract, digest, outline, summary
abstract n.概要,摘要,尤其指对学术论文或法律论据作的简述。
【I have read the abstract of his book.我已经读了他的书的概要。
digest n. (篇幅较长的)摘要,文摘,它是对原文的浓缩而不是对原文的简单解释,浓缩后仍保持原文的顺序、重点和风格。
【Readers Digest《读者文摘》
outline n
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