托福阅读句子简化题解答方法.docx

智课网TOEFL备考资料托福阅读句子简化题解答方法 摘要： 托福阅读句子简化题考生们并不陌生，它是托福阅读的重点题型之一，考生们需要在备考时完全掌握其解答方法才可以保证在考试中不失分，今天小马资料频道小编就为大家详细总结托福阅读句子简化题解答方法。 托福 阅读句子简化题： Sentence Simplification questions ask you to choose the sentence that best restates the essential meaning of the original sentence in the passage. The correct answer uses different vocabulary and different grammar to retell the original sentence in a simpler way. 解读以下，其实就是考察同义改写或者复述能力。这个题型的考点涉及句子结构语法、逻辑梳理和词汇，给学生造成很大的困扰。 总体解题思路其实很简单： (1)分析所给句子， (2)确定essential information， (3)选择和essential information相符的答案。接下来对句子结构稍作解释。英语句子结构从宏观来分，可以分成简单句和非简单句。 例如： 简单句：The shape of snowflakes is determined by the temperature. 非简单：The guitar， which is also known as the poor mans piano， has been cherished by many cultures.或者Her two brothers were mostly unharmed， but she is now unconscious. 如何区分句子是简单句还是非简单句呢?其实很简单：根据主谓关系数量判断。简单句即基本句子成分是一个主谓结构;非简单句则含有至少两个主谓结构，而且涉及句子逻辑。所以，我们可以说，句子简化题解题步骤分以下四步： 一、通读原句，寻找逻辑 逻辑包含很多种，也是需要专门进行总结的。最常考察的是比较逻辑、否定逻辑;其次是因果逻辑、转折逻辑和条件逻辑;最后是并列逻辑。本文以并列逻辑为例，说明句子简化题解题方法。 并列逻辑。包含的逻辑词最常见的是and，常见语法结构有not only…but also…， either….or…， neither…nor…， or…等，别忘了，逗号(尤其在多个逗号和and连用的结构中，e.g. He knows Spanish， Italian， Chinese and English.)和分号也是经典的并列逻辑标志。 请找出以下句子里的逻辑标志词：e.g Not only does it attempt to maintain steady growth， but it also works for high employment and price stability. 应该是not only， but also，这是非常经典的并列逻辑结构。 二、利用逻辑排除选项 请读者君接下来通过逻辑排除错误选项： A. The federal government keeps growth steady but cannot maintain high employment and stable prices. B. Because it needs high employment and stable prices， the federal government needs steady growth. C. Without constant growth， the federal government cannot have high employment and stable prices. D. The federal government tries to achieve growth， high employment， and unchanging prices. A选项but标志了转折逻辑，错。B出现因果逻辑，错。C选项without出现了条件逻辑，也错了。 三、利用逻辑承接对象，确定答案 原文：Not only does it attempt to maintain steady growth， but it also works for high employment and price stability.说明It (文章里指federal governm