经济型数控车床进给系统设计.doc

经济型数控车床进给系统设计 摘要关键词：Economical NC Lathe Feed System Design Abstract：With the rapid development of science and technology, mechanical products renewal faster and faster, at the same time, the quality of the products and performance has been improved. Companies in order to meet the requirement of the trend of The Times, the demand for NC machine tools is becoming more and more big. However, for small and medium-sized enterprises, to purchase large quantities of NC machine tools on the economy is difficult and is not necessary, but in order to meet the demand of continuous development and progress of society, meet new processing standards, and NC machine tools must be used. In this situation, economical NC machine tool with its high cost performance won the favour of people. In the numerical control machine tool of the whole system, the feed system is one of the most important parts. It is directly related to the entire process of product quality and performance of feed drive of accurate or not directly affects the success of product, therefore the design and optimization study of feed drive is particularly important. Economical numerical control lathe feed system of transmission mechanism adopts the ball screw nut pair, transfer the motion of the stepper motor, it spread to skateboarding and tool rest, longitudinal and transverse feed. The design of the CNC system adopts 8031 single chip microcomputer control. Keywords：NC machine tool，Ball screw nut pair，Stepper motor，rest，Single chip microcomputer 目 录 1 前言 1 2? 进给系统总体方案的设计 2 2.1 设计任务?? 2 2.2? 总体方案的论证?? 2 2.3 总体方案的确定?? 2 3 机械部分设计 4 3.1 纵向进给系统的设计与计算 4 3.1.1 计算切削力 4 3.1.2 滚珠丝杠螺母副的计算和选型 4 3.1.3 齿轮传动比计算 8 3.1.4 步进电机的计算和选型 9 3.2 横向进给系统的设计与计算 12 3.2.1 计算切削力 12 3.2.2 滚珠丝杠螺母副的计算和选型 12 3.2.3 齿轮传动比计算 15 3.2.4 步进电机的计算和选型 15 3.3 刀架的设计和选择 18 3.4 主轴编码器的选择 19 4 数控系统硬件电路设计 20 4.1 确定控制系统方案 20 4.1.1 数控系统基本硬件组成 20 4.2 软、硬件任务合理分配 21 4.3 主控器 21 4.3.1 主控芯片选择 21 4.3.2 MCS—51系列单片机介绍 21 4.3.3 三总线结构 22 4.3.4 存储器结构