《Guidelines for the Management of Adults with Hospital-acquired》.pdf

American Thoracic Society Documents Guidelines for the Management of Adults with Hospital-acquired, Ventilator-associated, and Healthcare-associated Pneumonia This official statement of the American Thoracic Society and the Infectious Diseases Society of America was approved by the ATS Board of Directors, December 2004 and the IDSA Guideline Committee, October 2004 CONTENTS have appeared, mandating a new evidence-based guideline for hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP), including healthcare-asso- Executive Summary Introduction ciated pneumonia (HCAP) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). This document, prepared by a joint committee of the Methodology Used to Prepare the Guideline ATS and Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA), fo- Epidemiology Incidence cuses on the epidemiology and pathogenesis of bacterial pneu- Etiology monia in adults, and emphasizes modifiable risk factors for infec- Major Epidemiologic Points tion. In addition, the microbiology of HAP is reviewed, with an Pathogenesis emphasis on multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial pathogens, Major Points for Pathogenesis such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter species, and Modifiable Risk Factors methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Controversies a