《Glossary of Translation 翻译术语汇编》.doc

Glossary Of Translation: An advanced Resource Book (pp.334-353) Items in non-bold upper case cross-reference to definitions located at the alphabetically ordered entry for the item elsewhere in this Glossary. ACCEPTABILITY See INTENTIONALITY. ADAPTATION A TT where many textual modifications have been made, including modifications for a different audience (cf. VERSION). In Vinay and Darbelnet’s list of TRANSLATION PROCEDURES, adaptation involves modifying a cultural reference for the TT readership. ADJUSTMENT Techniques for producing correct EQUIVALENTs and achieving DYNAMIC EQUIVALENCE in translation. AGENT DELETION The omission in a passive sentence of the noun or noun phrase which follows by, e.g. The reasons outlined (by the writer). Such uses of the grammar can be ideologically motivated. ALIGNMENT The juxtaposition of a ST sentence with its TT EQUIVALENT. A tool of CORPUS LINGUISTICS that allows rapid comparison of ST–TT elements. ANALYSIS The first of three stages constituting the translation PROCESS according to Eugene Nida. In this process, we analyse the source message into its simplest and structurally clearest forms, TRANSFER it at this level, and then restructure it to a level stylistically acceptable to the target reader. ARGUMENTATION, A TEXT TYPE in which concepts and/or beliefs ARGUMENTATIVE are evaluated. The two basic forms are counter-argumentation, where a thesis is presented and then challenged, and through-argumentation, where a thesis is presented and defended. ASSOCIATIVE MEANING See CONNOTATION. AUDIENCE The readership of the text. AUDIOVISUAL TRANSLATION Translation of any audiovisual medium, such as film, DVD, etc. This typically involves DUBBING or SUBTITLING. BACK-TRANSFORMATION A kind of paraphrase in which surface structures are replaced by other, more basic structures (e.g. event nouns into verbal expressions: wrath X is angry). BACK-TRANSLATION A WORD-FOR-WORD translation of a TT back into the SL, often retaining the structure of th