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一种新型宽频带E型微带天线设计.doc

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一种新型宽频带E型微带天线设计   摘 要:介绍一种新型E型结构的微带天线。在U型微带天线中间加一段传输线构成新型E型微带天线,产生多点谐振,达到微带天线频带展宽的目的。通过改变馈电点位置和传输线的长度和宽度,实现微带天线的最佳匹配和频带的展宽。仿真结果表明,该天线在4.25~5.366 GHz频带内反射系数均小于-10 dB,方向最大增益达到9 dB,相对带宽为23.2%。且对E型天线加工和测试,实测结果和仿真结果一致。   ?   关键词:微带天线; E型; 宽带; 高增益?   中图分类号:   TN82-34    文献标识码:A   文章编号:1004-373X(2012)05   -0102   -03   ??         Design of a new type broadband E-shapped microstrip antenna   ?   LIU Qing-chun, XIONG Xiang-zheng?   (Institute Of Electromagnetic Field and Microwave Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China)   ?   Abstract:   A new E-shapped microstrip antenna is introduced. A transmission line was added into the middle of U-shapped microstrip antenna, which constituted a new E-shapped microstrip antenna, resulted in more resonance to broaden the frequency band. By adjusting the position of feeding point and the length and the width of the transmission line, the proposed antenna achieved the best impedance matching and the bandwidth broadening. The simulated results show that the reflection coefficient of the antenna in 4.25~ 5.366 GHz band is less than -10 dB, the direction of the gain is 9 dB, the relative bandwidth is 23%.E-shapped microstrip antenna is manufactured and tested, the result is agree with the simulated result.      ?   Keywords: microstrip anetnna; E shape; broadband; high gain   ?   收稿日期:2011-10-21      0 引 言?   微带天线??[1]?具有体积小、重量轻、易馈电、易与载体共形等优点,广泛应用于测量和通信各个领域。但是,微带天线的窄频带特性??[2]?在很多方面限制了它的广泛应用,因此展宽微带天线的带宽具有十分重要的意义。?   近年来,人们在展宽微带天线的带宽方面做了很多的研究??[3]?:增大基板厚度,降低介电常数??[4]?;采用电磁耦合多谐振来扩展带宽的方式??[5-6]?,采用缝隙耦合馈电的方式??[7-8]?,采用多层结构????9-10]?。本文在对上述各种展宽带宽技术的比较研究之后,通过在U型微带天线中间加一段传输线构成新型的E型微带天线,实现了天线阻抗频带的展宽。利用HFSS 模拟仿真以及实测结果表明, 这种天线在工作于4.25~5.366 GHz 时, 其相对带宽达到了23.2%,且采用了传统的同轴馈电, 结构简单, 易加工。?   1 天线设计与分析?   微带天线的结构如图1所示, 贴片的长为?L,宽为W?,馈电点位置为(P_?x?,P_?y?),U_?l?和U_?w?为U型天线尺寸, U型天线中间增加的微带线的长度和宽度分别为E_?l?和E_?w?,微带天线离地面的高度为?H?。当E_?l?为零时即为U型天线,E_?l?不为零时为E型天线。天线采用传统的同轴馈电方式。天线与地面之间采用空气为介质,减少采用高介电常数介质带来的损耗,同时可达到增加频
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