营养学 简答论述题（Answer the questions of nutrition）.doc

营养学 简答论述题（Answer the questions of nutrition） Why study nutrition? Answer: because nutrition is the study of the laws of human nutrition and their improvement measures. It is both theoretical and practical. With the development of economy and the progress of society, people pay more attention to food, nutrition and health. Reasonable nutrition is the social activity ability of mankind, A prerequisite for full play of intelligence and physical potential. People who are healthy and nutritious are the result of social progress and social development The main body of contribution. Therefore, the study of nutrition is a key goal of human development, but also an important symbol of social progress. The concept of digestive action is briefly described Answer: digestion refers to the intake of food through mechanical digestion and the role of various digestive enzymes, proteins, sugars and fats and other macromolecules into The biological process of small molecules. What are the three main factors that affect thermal energy consumption? Answer: (1) the thermal energy consumption of basal metabolism; (2) thermal energy consumption of physical activities; (3) special dynamic action of food. What are the dietary principles of middle-aged people? Answer: (1) control total calories, avoid obesity; (2) maintain the right amount of protein; (3) appropriate restrictions on carbohydrates; (4) low fat diet, Low cholesterol; (5) eat more foods rich in calcium; (6) less salt; (7) diet. What are the physiological functions of vitamin D? Answer: vitamin D can promote the absorption of calcium and phosphorus in the small intestine, regulate the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus, and make calcium and phosphorus become the basic structural elements of bone, Promote calcification of bones and teeth. Therefore, vitamin D can promote the normal growth and development of bones and teeth. Basic concepts of functional foods Answer: functional food is to the human body can fully display the bod