第三章专业英语文章.ppt

第三章 计算机专业文章 Unit 1 Operating Systems Text 1 Operating System 1 What is an Operating System The most important program on any computer is the Operating System or OS. The OS is a large program made up of many smaller programs. It control how the CPU communicates with other hardware components. It also makes computers easier to operate by people who dont understand programming languages. In other words, operating systems make computer users friendly. ROM and RAM are very important to the OS. Part of a computers operating system is built into ROM. The ROM operating system is also known as the BIOS (Basic Input Output System). The BIOS is responsible for waking up the computer when you turn it on. It also reminds the computer of all the parts it has and what they do. The operating system also contains other programs that are important. This part of the operating system is stored on a computers hard drive. When the computer is turned on, it is booted to RAM. This part of the operating system is known as DOS. 2 Types of Operating Systems There are different operating systems available for PCs, but the most common is Windows. Windows was developed by a company named Microsoft. It uses a mouse and a GUI (Graphical User Interface) to help the user operate the computer. There are several versions of Windows (Windows 95/98/ME/NT/2000/XP). Operating systems are constantly being improved or upgraded as technology advances. Upgrading an operating system can have several advantages, such as simplifying tasks and navigation. However, there can be disadvantages, too. Many older programs would no longer run within the new operating system. Text 2 Windows 2000 Overview With each new release of Windows, Microsoft gives you new and inventive technologies to build more useful, manageable, and scalable networks. Windows 2000 is the most innovative release to date. There are four separate products that form the Windows 2000: Window