studies on carcinogenic and toxic effects of ochratoxin a in chicks研究致癌和小鸡赭曲霉毒素a的毒性作用.pdf

Toxins 2010, 2, 649-664; doi:10.3390/toxins2040649 OPEN ACCESS toxins ISSN 2072-6651 /journal/toxins Article Studies on Carcinogenic and Toxic Effects of Ochratoxin A in Chicks Stoycho D. Stoev Department of General and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Students campus, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria; E-Mail: stoev@uni-sz.bg; Tel.: +359-42-670-540; Fax: +359-42-670-624. Received: 25 February 2010; in revised form: 28 March 2010 / Accepted: 7 April 2010/ Published: 12 April 2010 Abstract: Carcinogenic/toxic effects of ochratoxin A (OTA) in various internal organs of Plymouth Rock chicks were determined. The number of OTA-induced neoplasms was similar in chicks given 25 ppm L--phenylalanine (PHE) in addition to 5 ppm OTA compared to chicks given only 5 ppm OTA, which showed that PHE cannot be used as a real protector against the carcinogenic or toxic effects of OTA in chicks. OTA was found to provoke strong degenerative changes in liver and kidneys, degenerative changes and depletion of cells in lymphoid organs, oedematous and degenerative changes in the brain, muscular haemorrhages and fatty changes in the bone marrow. The target organs for carcinogenic effect of OTA in chicks were found to be kidneys and liver. Keywords: ochratoxin A; phenylalanine; carcinogenic effect; chicks; pathology 1. Introduction Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin widely encountered in animal