现在完成时态(1).ppt

实义动词分为: 1) 瞬间动词 2)延续动词 　瞬间动词 join begin/start borrow finish/end arrive/come leave die buy 注意: 瞬间动词不能和时间段连用. 瞬间动词可以用于现在完成时，但不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。如可说“He has left.”但不能说“He has left for three years.” 如果要表达“他已走了三年了”可用以下几种表达法： 一、用ago,使用一般过去时。 He left here three years ago. 二、用“It is +一段时间＋since ＋一般过去时从句 ” It is three years since he left here. 三、用“ 一段时间＋have/ has passed + since + 一般过去时从句” Three years have passed since he left here. 以上三种表示方法适用于所有瞬间动词。 另外，还可用其它表示方法，但只适用于部分瞬间动词。具体办法是将瞬间动词转化为表延续的动词或者表状态的be+名词／形容词或副词／介词短语等。 1.直接转化成延续性动词 buy catch (get) a cold borrow come/go /become have have a cold keep be method 1: 动作 状态 die be over leave borrow/buy arrive begin end/finish join marry keep/had be away be here be on(上演） be married be in be dead method 2: It is + 时间段 since +一般过去时的句子. 他的爷爷已经去世2年了。 Nick 参军3年了. 他离开深圳好长时间了。 这本书我已借了4个月了. It is 2 years since his grandpa died. It is 3 years since Nick joined the army. It is a long time since he left Shenzhen. It is 4 months since I borrowed the book . 他的爷爷已经去世2年了。 Nick 参军3年了. 他离开深圳好长时间了。 这本书我已借了4个月了. His grandpa has died for 2 years. Nick has joined the army for 3 years. He has left Shenzhen for along time. I have borrowed the book for 4 months. X X X X 1.自从上星期以来,我就借了这本书. I have kept the book since last week. 2.我成为一个学生两年多了. I have been a student for over two years. I borrowed the book last week. I became a student two years ago. 3. Mr Black死了三年了。 Mr Black has been dead for three years. Mr Black died three years ago. 现在完成时态(1) 5. India has been an independent country ____ 1974. 6. The bus is late. Theyve been waiting ____ 20 minutes. 7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty ______ many years. 8. Mike has been ill ______a long time. He has been in hospital ______ October. since for for for since Exercises ( ) 1. —I have watch