美国个人破产法律制度研究——兼论对我国建立个人破产制度的启示的中期报告.docx

美国个人破产法律制度研究——兼论对我国建立个人破产制度的启示的中期报告 摘要：破产制度是现代市场经济制度中不可或缺的一项制度安排。美国作为先进的市场经济国家，其个人破产制度历史悠久、法律完备，具有较高的透明度和操作性。本文通过对美国个人破产制度的概况和主要法律规定进行分析，总结出其主要特点，包括充分保障负债人的合法权益、通过多种途径进行清偿、对债务追溯原则的遵循等。同时，通过分析美国个人破产制度的优点和不足，可以得到对我国建立个人破产制度的启示。本文建议我国应根据国情制定符合本国实际的个人破产法规，特别是要明确适用的对象、破产程序和认可过程、破产资产管理和财产变价等问题。 关键词： 破产制度；个人破产；美国；法律规定；启示 Abstract: The bankruptcy system is an essential institutional arrangement in modern market economies. As an advanced market economy country, the United States has a long history and a well-established legal system for individual bankruptcy, with high transparency and operability. This paper analyzes the overview and main legal provisions of the US personal bankruptcy system, summarizes its main characteristics, including fully protecting the legitimate rights and interests of debtors, conducting repayments through multiple channels, and following the principle of debt tracing, etc. At the same time, by analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of the US personal bankruptcy system, it can provide insights for establishing a personal bankruptcy system in China. This paper suggests that China should formulate personal bankruptcy regulations in accordance with its national conditions, especially clarify the target, bankruptcy procedure and recognition process, bankruptcy asset management and property valuation, etc. Keywords: Bankruptcy system; personal bankruptcy; USA; legal provisions; insights