基础油生产工艺详解-加拿大石油..doc

PETRO-CANADA AND THE PATENTED HT PURITY PROCESS BASE OIL MANUFACTURE 加拿大石油专利精制处理 基础油 生产 Lubricant base oils are produced in a series of steps which are designed to enhance certain desirable properties. For paraffinic oils, these include viscosity index, oxidation resistance, thermal stability and low temperature fluidity. Starting from petroleum crude oil, the typical process for making a lubricant base oil is as follows: ? Separation of lighter boiling materials, such as gasoline, diesel, etc. ? Distillation to give desired base oil viscosity grades ? Selective removal of impurities, such as aromatics and polar compounds ? Dewaxing to improve low temperature fluidity ? Finishing to improve oxidation resistance and heat stability Generally both Solvent Refined and Hydrocracked base oils are manufactured this way, but differ in the processes used. 润滑油基础油是经过一系列旨在提高某些特性的步骤后生产出来的。对石蜡基基础油来说，这些特性包括粘度指数，抗氧化性，热稳定性和低温流动性。从原油开始，生产基润滑油基础油典型过程在以下几步： 。轻沸点材料的分离，比如汽油，柴油等被分离出来； 。蒸馏得到所需要的基础油粘度等级； 。选择性去除杂质，比如：芳烃和极性化合物； 。脱蜡以提高低温流动性； 。最后提高抗氧性和热稳定性； 通常溶剂精制和加氢裂化基础油的生产路径都是这样的，区别只是使用处理方法的不同。 BASE OIL CLASSIFICATION基础油的分类 Before reviewing how base oil is manufactured, we should explain the American Petroleum Institute’s (API) Base Oil Classification system. For engine oils, the API system classifies base oils into five major groups, as shown below: 上面回顾了基础油的生产过程，我们接下来说明API的基础油分类系统。针对发动机油，API分类系统中有五个主要的级别： Group I, or conventional base oils manufactured by Solvent Refining, make up most of the base oil produced in the world today. Containing more than 0.03 wt % Sulphur and less than 90 wt % Saturates, they are less pure than Hydroprocessed or Synthetic base oils. While these groups were originally intended to be used for engine oils, their usage has expanded beyond this area. Group II and III base oils are manufactured by what the API calls Hydroprocessing or Severe Hydroprocessing. These are just other names for Petro-Canada’s Patented HT Purity Process. With Sulphur contents of less th