《形容词的知识点.doc

大多数形容词（性质形容词）和副词有比较级和最高级的变化，即原级、比较级和最高级，用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形，比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。 1) 规则变化 单音节词和少数双音节词，加词尾-er，-est来构成比较级和最高级。 构成法 原级 比较级 最高级 一般单音节词末尾加-er,-est tall(高的) taller tallest great(巨大的) greater greatest 以不发音的e结尾的单音词和少数以- le结尾的双音节词只加-r,-st nice(好的) nicer nicest large(大的) larger largest able（有能力的) abler ablest 以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-er，-est hot(热的) hotter hottest big(大的) bigger biggest 以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词改y为i，再加 -er，-est easy(容易的) easier easiest busy(忙的) busier busiest 少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节词未尾加-er，-est clever(聪明的) cleverer cleverest narrow(窄的) narrower narrowest 其他双音节词和多音节词，在前面加more，most来构成比较级和最高级important(重要的) more important most important easily(容易地) more easily most easily 2) 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good(好的)/ well(健康的) better best bad (坏的)/ ill(有病的) worse worst old (老的) older/elder oldest/eldest much/many(多的) more most little(少的) less least far (远的) farther/further farthest/furthest as + 形容词或副词原级 + as 1）在否定句或疑问句中可用so… as。 He cannot run so/as fast as you. 2）当as… as 中间有名词时采用以下格式。 as +形容词+ a +单数名词 as + many/much +名词 This is as good an example as the other is. I can carry as much paper as you can.. 3）用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时，放在as的前面。 This room is twice as big as that one. Your room is the same size as mine. 4) 倍数+ as + adj. + as = 倍数+ then + of This bridge is three times as long as that one. This bridge is three times the length of that one. Your room is twice as large as mine. Your room is twice the size of mine. 比较级形容词或副词 + than You are taller than I. They lights in your room are as bright as those in mine. 注意： 1）要避免重复使用比较级。 (错) He is more cleverer than his brother. (对) He is more clever than his brother. (对) He is clever than his brother. 2）要避免将主语含在比较对象中。 (错) China is larger that any country in Asia. (对) China is larger than any other countries in Asia. 3）要注意对应句型，遵循前后一致的原则。 The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing. It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out. 4）要注意冠词的使用，后有名词的时