复旦大学英美文化概论期末复习资料.docx

Comprehensive Test III.1.What are the difference between subcultures and counterculture?subculture: share many elements of mainstream, maintain own distinctive customs, values and lifestylescounterculture: reject the conventional wisdom and provide alternatives to mainstream2.What are the major events that led to the outbreak of the Civil War?John Brown, tried to began a slave rebellion in Virginia/ election of Abraham Lincoln3.How are college students selected in the United States?a) high school recordsb) recommendation from high school teachersc) the impression during the interviewd) score on the SAT4.What king of changes has the American workforce undergone in the past few decades?a) the structure: (labor market) from manufacturing-based to service-oriented(the employment distribution) from blue-collar to white-collarb) sharp increase of women in number5.What does “the feminization of poverty” mean? And how has it affected the American family? single mothers account for about half of households with children living below the poverty line6.What are fundamental principles established by constitution?a) popular sovereignty: control by the peopleb) a republic government in which the people choose representatives to make decisions for themc) limited government with written lawsd) separation of powerse) a federal systemIII.1.What are the main characteristics of religious in America?a)diversity b) freedom: government not interferec) competition: adept at organizing and marketingd) commitment: high proportion believing in God2.How did Horace Mann’s ideas on mass education influence the education system in the United States?education should not be reserved for the high class, but should be extended to all people“common school”: public education open to all, supported by all and controlled by all4.What kind of changes has the American family experienced since the 1950s?decrease of classic American family(traditional nuclear)rise of dual-employed, blended, child-free, singl