胸部x线摄影技术（Chest X ray radiography）.doc

胸部x线摄影技术（Chest X ray radiography） Chest X ray radiography Applied anatomy Chest: They are divided into the thorax (sternum, ribs, thoracic vertebrae), lungs, mediastinum (heart, large vessels, esophagus, trachea). Lung: divided two parts, is located in the chest, to the upper thoracic mediastinum on both sides, from the diaphragmatic surface on the right than the left, the upper apex, lower lung bottom outer rib surface within the mediastinum, surface, apex above the clavicle, the right diaphragm is higher than that of the left lung was 1~3cm, to sag. The lung tissue was soft and light, containing gas, the low proportion of lung (0.35~0.75). Heart and large vessels: The heart consists of two chambers and two chambers. The left atrium is the highest, slightly posterior, and the right atrium is located in the upper right part of the heart. The right ventricle is located in the anterior lower part of the heart, with the lowest left ventricular position and the apical portion at the left lower margin of the heart. The ascending aorta rises from the left ventricle, rises to the fourth thoracic spine, moves to the left, forms the aortic arch, and acts as the descending part of the aortic arch along the left edge of the thoracic spine. The pulmonary artery rises from the right ventricle, up and back to the aortic arch, and is divided into the left and right pulmonary arteries. Body surface location marker 1. the jugular vein notch of the sternum is located in the depression of the upper margin of the sternum, and the height of the lower edge of the thoracic spine is second. 2. the sternal angle is the junction of the sternal shaft and the sternal body, with slight lordosis, and the two sides are connected with the front end of the second rib. The trachea branches at the junction of the trachea and the junction of the 4 and 5 thoracic vertebrae. At the end of 3. to the end of the sternum xiphoid, eleventh thoracic vertebral height. The 4. rib arch forms the anterior part of