初中英语-写作指导.ppt

初中英语写作指导 主讲教师：陈建荣 陈建荣：清华附中英语教师，学科带头人。多次在各种教师技能大赛中取得突出成绩。教学观念新，教学效果好。所教学生在升学考试及各类英语竞赛中取得好成绩。 写作的要求 首先，一个段落必须有一个中心即主题思想，该中心由主题句特别是其中的题旨来表达。整个段落必须紧扣这个主题，这就是段落的统一性。 其次，一个段落必须有若干推展句，使主题思想得到充分展开，从而给读者一个完整的感觉，这就是完整性。 再者，一个段落不是杂乱无章的，而是有机的组合，句子的排列顺序必须合乎逻辑，从一个句子到另一个句子的过渡必须流畅，这就是连贯性。 统一性 一个段落内的各个句子必须从属于一个中心，任何游离于中心思想之外的句子都是不可取的。 I have a good friend, and his name is Bill. He is from Sydney, Australia. Now he lives in Beijing with his parents. He is 14 years old and his birthday is in October. He speaks English and he can speak a little Chinese. He has lots of friends in Beijing. He often plays soccer after school with them. It’s his favorite sport. He likes Chinese action movies very much. He thinks they are interesting. His favorite actor is Jet Li. 　 完整性 一个段落的主题思想靠推展句来实现，如果只有主题句而没有推展句来进一步交待和充实，就不能构成一个完整的段落。同样，虽然有推展句，但主题思想没有得到相对圆满的交待，给读者一种意犹未尽的感觉。这样的段落也不能完成其交际功能。 I like playing basketball. It’s very interesting. I often play it with my friends. It’s a team work. Everyone needs to work together with others. I can also make many new friends in the game. My favorite basketball player is Yao Ming. He is very tall and plays basketball very well. I want to play in NBA one day like him. 连贯性 连贯性包括意连和形连两个方面，前者指的是内在的逻辑性，后者指的是使用转换词语。当然这两者常常是不可分割的。只有形连而没有意连，句子之间就没有内在的有机的联系；反之，只有意连而没有形连，有时行文就不够流畅。 按时间先后排列 Jenny had a busy weekend. Last Saturday morning, she did her homework and practiced speaking English at home. She watched TV and played tennis on Saturday afternoon. That night, she went to the movies. On Sunday morning , she cleaned her room and went to the beach. On Sunday afternoon, she visited her friends and went shopping. She had a party last night. What a busy but happy weekend she had! 按位置排列 Good morning ! Here’s the weather report for some big cities in the world . Beijing is cloudy. It’s very cold, so wear warm clothes when you go out. In Hong Kong there’s beautiful sunshine. People will feel cool in the daytime. It is sunny in New York , but the