过去完成时态的用法及专项练习.doc

总体上说它属于“过去”这一时间段内发生的事情，它表达的是在某个过去动作或时间点之前发生的动作，简单地说就是“过去的过去”发生的事情。 过去完成时的构成很简单，即 had + 动词的过去分词。例如：had done, had gone, had built 等等。 一、过去完成时的主要用法 1、表示在过去动作之前已经发生的动作或存在的状态。比如说，A事件发生在一个月前，而B事件发生两个月前，那么B事件比A事件还要早发生，它就要使用过去完成时。 例如：Most of the guest had left when he arrived at the party. （即：客人在他到之前已经离开了。） They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel.（即：吃饭在先，他们到达在后。） 注意：在上面两个例句，虽然表达时间的连词不同（when当……时；before在……前），但两件事发生的先后顺序很明显。请同学们不要被when, before之类的词搞混淆了，关键要抓住两件事情的先后关系。 2、表达在过去某个确定的时间之前发生的事或状态。 例如：How many English films had you seen by the end of last term ? 在这个例句中，没有两个事件作比较。但是，它有一个明确的时间作参考，即last year明确了告诉我们是“过去”时间，而 by the end of last year说的是在last year之前完成的动作，因此它也是“过去的过去”，可以用过去完成时。　请同学们仔细阅读下面的例句，注意时间的先后关系和动作的先后顺序：I had finished writing my composition by 10:00 this morning.（今天上午10：00点以前，我已经写完了我的作文。） She had searched the internet for two hours when she found an ad for the Canon digital camera.（当她找到了佳能数码照相机的广告时，她已经在因特网上查询了两个小时。） I went over what I had written again and again so that I wouldnt make any mistakes.（我一遍又一遍地检查了我所写的内容，以至我没有出现任何错误。） The film had already begun when I got to the cinema . （ 当我到电影院时，电影已经开始了。） 过去完成时还可以表示从过去某一时间开始，持续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。例如： He had worked in the factory for five years before he moved here . （ 在他搬到这儿以前，他已经在那家工厂工作了五年。） I saw Li Ping yesterday . We had not seen each other since I left Beijing . （ 我昨天看见李平了。自从我离开北京，我们就没见过面。） By the time I got there, it had already finished. When she got to the check-out, she realized she had left her purse at home. He said he had never seen Xiao Wang before. Ann had lived in a cottage for sixty years ever since she was born. He arrived at 2∶30. He had been told to wait in the VIP lounge． 3、在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。 She said (that) she had never been to Paris. 4、①when引导的从句(注：从句谓语动词为过去式) ②by短语 ③by the time引导的从句(注：从句谓语动词为过去式) ④before引导的从句(注：从句谓语动词为过去式)例如： （1）Tom was disappointed that most of the guests ______ when he ______ at the party. A. left；had arrived B. left；arrived C