278例药品不良反应分析.pdf

中国药物应用与监测 2015 年10月第12卷第5 期 Chinese Journal of Drug Application and Monitoring, Vol.12, No.5, October 2015 278 例药品不良反应分析 朱　昆，李　忻，刘玉梅（吉林大学中日联谊医院药学部，吉林长春 130031 ） [摘要]　目的：分析我院药品不良反应（ADR ）发生特点、规律及相关因素，为临床合理用药提供参考。方法：收集我院药 学部2014 年1 月1 日– 12 月31 日各科室上报的278 例ADR 报告，分别对患者年龄、性别、引发ADR 的给药途径、药品分类、 累及系统/ 器官进行回顾性分析。结果：在278 例ADR 报告中，男女比例基本相同（1.02 ∶1 ）。在给药途径方面，静脉给药 β （82.01% ）所占比例最大。抗感染药物所致ADR 发生率最高，共计58 例（20.86% ），其中 - 内酰胺类药物约占50% ，头孢替唑 钠7 例，头孢唑林钠6 例；其次为喹诺酮类药物，以莫西沙星最多，共计10例。按ADR 临床表现分类，最常见为皮肤及其附 件损害（31.80% ），其次为消化系统损害（23.28% ）。结论：ADR 的发生与多种因素有关，临床应严格掌握药物使用适应证，合 理使用抗感染药物，以降低ADR 发生率。 [关键词]　药品不良反应；抗感染药物；合理用药 [ 中图分类号]　R969.3 [ 文献标识码]　A　 [ 文章编号]　1672 – 8157(2015)05 – 0288 – 04 Analysis of 278 ADR case reports ZHU Kun, LI Xin, LIU Yu-mei(Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130031, China) [ABSTRACT]　Objective: To investigate the characteristics, rules and related factors of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) occurred in our hospital, in order to provide reference for rational drug use in clinic. Methods: A total of 278 ADR case reports from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2014 were collected in our hospital. Age distribution, gender, route of administration, category of ADR- inducing drugs and organs involved in ADRs were analyzed retrospectively. Results: In 278 ADR cases, the ratio of male to female was 1.02 : 1. Main ADR cases were induced by intravenous administration (82.01%). Anti-infective drugs had the highest proportion of ADRs (58 cases, 20.86%), of which about 50% was induced by β- lactam drugs including 7 cases of ceftezole sodium and 6 cases of cefazolin sodium, and then was the quinolones, including 10 cases of moxifloxacin. Main clinical manifestations of ADR were lesion of skin and its appendants (31.80%) and followed by the digestive system injury (23.28%). Conclusion: The occu