启航考研2011年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题解析（2011考研英语真题）.doc

微信扫描二维码关注启航考研（qh_kaoyan） 考研自学平台 咋学微信号： 咋学网（zaxueapp） 2016考研资料分享群： 2011年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 Section ⅠUse of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as “a bodily exercise precious to health”. But1some claims to the contrary, laughing probably has little influence on physical fitness. Laughter does2shortterm changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels, 3heart rate and oxygen consumption. But because hard laughter is difficult to4, a good laugh is unlikely to have5benefits the way, say, walking or jogging does. 6, instead of straining muscles to build them, as exercise does, laughter apparently accomplishes the7. Studies dating back to the 1930s indicate that laughter8muscles, decreasing muscle tone for up to 45 minutes after the laugh dies down. Such bodily reaction might conceivably help9the effects of psychological stress. Anyway, the act of laughing probably does produce other types of10feedback that improve an individual’s emotional state.11one classical theory of emotion, our feelings are partially rooted12physical reactions. It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry13they are sad but that they become sad when the tears begin to flow. Although sadness also14tears, evidence suggests that emotions can flow15muscular responses. In an experiment published in 1988, social psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of Würzburg in Germany asked volunteers to 16a pen either with their teeth —— thereby creating an artificial smile —— or with their lips, which would produce a(n)17expression. Those forced to exercise their smiling muscles18more enthusiastically to funny cartoons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown,19that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around 20, the physical act of laughter could improve mood. (289