多发性硬化病课件.ppt

MultipleSclerosis

Itisadiseaseofdemyelination

（脫髓鞘）andsclerosisinthe

whitematterofCNS.

Itisanautoimmunedisease.Whatismultiplesclerosis?

TherearenumerousareasofdemyelinationandsclerosisintheCNS.Thelesionarediscoveredscatteredthroughoutthewhitematteraroundthebrainventricle,theopticnerves,thespinalcord,thebrainstemandthecerebellum(小腦）.Whatareitspathologicalcharacteristics?

ItisadiseaseofyoungadultsItisadiseasewithmultiplelesionfociinCNSSymptomsmostoftenoccuracutelyandusuallylastforseveralweeksorlonger,butmaypersistnolongerthanafewminutesorhours.

WhataretheclinicalcharacteristicsofMS?

Itisremission（緩解）andrelapse（復發）againandagain

Itscourseischronic,usuallylastingformanyyears.

WhataretheclinicalcharacteristicsofMS?

IncidenceandEpidemiology

MShasaunequalgeographicdistribution.Ingeneral,thediseaseincreasesinfrequencywithlatitude（緯度）inboththenorthernandsouthernhemispheres.IncidenceandEpidemiology

Neartheequator,MSisvirtuallynonexistent.Fartherfromtheequator,suchasmostofnorthernEurope,northernUnitedStates,southernAustraliaandNewZealand,itreachedaprevalenceofabout40/100,000population.IncidenceandEpidemiology

Insomenortherlyareas,suchasthenorthernScotland,prevalenceratesexceed300/100000population.IncidenceandEpidemiology

NoformalpopulationstudiesofMShavebeencarriedoutinChina,butobservationsfromneurologicalclinicsandhospitalsindicatealowincidence.TheotherareainAsiaalsohavealowincidenceofthedisease.WhetherAsianresistancetoMSisgeneticorenvironmentalisunclear.IncidenceandEpidemiology

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EtiologyandPathogenesis

ThecauseandpathogenesisofMSarepoorly