国内外渣油加氢处理技术发展现状及分析.PDF

化 工 进 展 2011 年第 30 卷第 1 期 CHEMICAL INDUSTRY AND ENGINEERING PROGRESS ·95· 特约评述 国内外渣油加氢处理技术发展现状及分析 方 向 晨 （中国石化抚顺石油化工研究院，辽宁 抚顺 113001） 摘 要：渣油加氢技术在原油劣质化和产品清洁化交互推动下，正逐步成为炼厂最主要的渣油加工技术手段， 并得到了快速的发展。本文重点分析了几类主要的渣油加氢技术的发展现状及其应用特点，探讨了这些技术的 发展趋势。从实际应用的角度出发，认为固定床渣油加氢工艺仍将是今后一个时期发展的重点，但技术上要突 破加工更劣质渣油和延长运行周期的瓶颈；沸腾床渣油加氢工艺有非常好的应用前景，在解决了投资高和操作 复杂的限制后，可以成为与固定床渣油加氢相互结合的渣油加工技术方案；悬浮床渣油加氢工艺对于处理非常 劣质的超重稠油将有着明显的应用优势。 关键词：渣油加氢；固定床；沸腾床；悬浮床 中图分类号：TE 624.4+3 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1000–6613（2011）01–0095–10 Development of residuum hydroprocessing technologies FANG Xiangchen （Fushun Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals，SINOPEC，Fushun 113001，Liaoning，China） Abstract：Driven by inferior crude oil supply and strict product specifications，residuum hydroprocess is gradually becoming a major upgrading process and being quickly developed. The development status，its application characteristics and its development trend are discussed. It is believed from the application viewpoint that the fix bed process will still be the major selection by the industry，but how to process more inferior feedstock and extend its on-through time are the technical problems to be resolved. The ebullated bed process has very good application future and can be a good combination method with fix bed process if its high investment and operating difficulties can be resolved. The slurry bed process has its unique advantages while treating the ultra heavy crude. Key words：resid hydrotreating；fix bed；ebullated bed；slurry bed 近年来，随着世界原油需求的持续走高，原油 此将更多的重质渣油转化为优质的轻质油品已成为 资源的重质化越来越明显[1]。同时据世界重油大会 世界炼油技术发展的主要方向。 资料表明[2]，全球的重油