《中小学教师职业倦怠心里的成因及心理调适策略.doc

中小学教师职业倦怠心理的成因及心理调适策略 王倩 （湖南第一师范学院，湖南长沙） 摘要：“振兴民族的希望在于教育，振兴教育的希望在于教师。”教师的职业是一种特殊的职业，是一种用生命感动生命，用心灵去洗涤心灵的职业，被誉为人类灵魂的工程师。而随着改革的不断推进，教师沿袭多年的传统教育思想，教学手段面临改进与革新，很多教师角色转换跟不上改革的步伐，因不适应而感到不自信，挫折感加剧。过于封闭的工作环境使教师很难与领导，同事经常沟通，不能得到他人的关爱和理解，孤独感增强，悲观情绪滋生。由此教师的“职业倦怠”心里悄然形成，而且具有一定的普遍性，关注并解决教师的职业倦怠心里，对教师发展，学校发展，教育发展极为重要，有必要对产生这种现象的根源以及解决问题的对策做人真的探讨和务实研究。 关键词：中小学教师；倦怠心里；调适策略 Primary and middle school teachers occupational tiredness the cause of heart and psychological adjustment strategy Abstract: the hope is that our national education, the revitalization of education the hope is that the teacher. Teachers professional is a special kind of profession, is a kind of life touched by life, with the mind of the soul washing career, known as the engineer of the human soul. But along with the reform, the teacher of the traditional education ideas DuoNian followed, teaching method improvement and innovation face, many teachers roles cant keep up with the pace of change, because not suitable to dont feel confident, frustration intensified. Too close working environment is hard to make the teacher and the leadership, the colleague often communication, cant get the care of the others and understanding, strengthen the loneliness, pessimism breed. This teacher burnout heart quietly form, and to a certain extent, attention and solve their weary heart, for teachers development, the schools development, education development is very important, it is necessary to produce this kind of phenomenon of root of solutions of the problems being discussed and practical research really. Keywords: teachers of primary and secondary schools; Burnout heart; Adjustment strategy 一 教师倦怠心理的界定 （一）职业倦怠 职业倦怠是指由工作压力引起的以身心疲惫为主要标志的综合反应，它的主要特点是对服务对象的冷漠和不负责任、情绪和身体的衰竭以及各种各样的身心症状，如疲劳、易激怒、焦虑等。职业倦怠与压力、紧张有着密不可分的联系。 （二）教师的职业倦怠心理 教师的职业倦怠心理是指由于教师长期工作在压力的情境下，工作中持续的疲劳及在与他人相处中各种矛盾冲突而引起的挫折感加剧，最终导致一种在情绪、认知、行为等方面表现出精疲力竭、麻木不仁的高度精神疲劳和紧张状态，属于一种非正常的行为和心理。 二 中小学