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超高分子量聚乙烯_UHMW_PE_板材模压成型.docx

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板材模压成型*超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMW-PE)庄 甦,李 鑫,李海楠,黄 萍( 北京市塑料研究所,北京 100009)摘要: 通过模压成型制备了超高分子量聚乙烯( UHMW-PE) 板材,研究了不同分子量、模具加热方式对 UHMW-PE 板材性能以及产量的影响,结果显示: 分子量越大,断裂伸长率越低,拉伸强度越大,硬度越大,当 UHMW-PE 的分子量 为 4 × 106 时,板材的硬度最大,砂浆损耗率和磨损量最小; 而且,当模具采用油加热成型板材时,UHMW-PE 板材的力 学性能、硬度以及摩擦性能优于国外样品; 相对于炉内加热方式,电加热成型大体积板材时,不仅节约了能量,而且产 量都能提高约 40 % 。关键词: 超高分子量聚乙烯; 模压成型; 分子量; 油加热; 电加热中图分类号: TQ325. 12; TQ320. 661 文献标志码: A 文章编号: 1001 - 9456( 2014) 03 - 0111 - 03Molding Plates of Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene ( UHMW-PE)ZHUANG Su,LI Xin,LI Hai - nan,HUANG Ping( Beijing Plastics Research Institute,Beijing 100009,China)Abstract: Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene ( UHMW-PE ) plates were prepared by hot-pressure molding. The effect of different molecular weight,heating method of the mould on the property and output of UHMW-PE plates were studied, the results showed that the tensile strength and the hardness were increased,while the elongation at break was decreased with the increase of molecular weight,when UHMW-PE molecular weight was 4 × 106 ,the hardness of plate was the highest,but,the Mortar wear rate and wearing capacity was the lowest,so,when the plates were formed with oil heating moulds,the mechanical properties,hardness and friction performance of UHMW-PE plates were better than the foreign samples. Relative to the furnace heating mode,the large volume plates were molded with electrical heating moulds,not only saved energy,and the output couldbe increased about 40 % .Key words: ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene; molding; molecular weight; oil healing; electrical heating超高分子量聚乙烯( UHMW - PE) 是 1 种黏均相对分子量超过 1. 5 × 106 的聚乙烯产品,分子链主要由亚甲基组成,无支 链和双键,不含极性基团,呈线性结构[1 - 5]。由于其相对分子量 较高,使其具有其他常规分子量聚乙烯所不具备的优异性能,如 耐冲击、高强度、自润滑性以及耐磨性等[1 - 6],而且,超高分子量 聚乙烯的耐磨性位居塑料之首,可以与聚四氟乙烯相媲美,大大 超过普通聚乙烯。目前,超高分子量聚乙烯因其特殊的性能,被 广泛应用在机械、运输、纺织、工业、农业、食品、煤矿、医疗及军 事领域里[6]。虽然超高分子量聚乙烯的性能优异,但是由于其耐磨性非 常突出,摩擦因数小,粉料在加工过程中易出现打滑、空转的现 象,同时,其相对分子量较高,熔体黏度大,熔体流动速率低,流 动性差,而且,其临界剪切速率较低,挤出加工易造成熔体破 裂[2 - 3],所以超高分子量聚乙烯的挤出加工难度较大,也较
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