城市经济学-东北财经大学5.ppt

urban economics Chapter 5Urban Land Use and Land Rent Theory on Land Rent 地租理论 Land Use in the Monocentric City 单中心城市的土地利用 What determines the price of land? Who benefits from public policies that increase the fertility or accessibility of land? Does the land market allocate land efficiently? Theory on Land Rent Competition and Land Rent 竞争与地租 Land Rent and Public Policy 地租政策 Land Rent and Accessibility 与易达性 Market Interactions 市场相互作用 The Single Tax单一税 案例分析：Urban Land Taxation in Pittsburgh 匹兹堡城市的土地利用 Competition and Land Rent Land Rent Market value Price of land: Competition Land Rent and Public Policy Land Rent and Public Policy Land Rent and Accessibility Linear Land-Rent Function 线性的地租函数 TC = tQu 运输成本 Π=PQ-C-tQu-R 土地的利润 R=PQ-C-tQu 土地的投标租金 Faction substitution: convex land-rent function 要素替代：向下凸的地租函数 农民的收益、成本和租金 变通的和不可变通的农民投标租金函数 Market Interactions The corn laws debate Housing prices and land prices The Single Tax Conception 概念 Criticized 批评 Partial land tax 部分单一税 Two-rate tax or split tax 双比例税或分割税 Urban Land Taxation in Pittsburgh Tax rate on land 土地税率 The rate on improvements 土地增值税率 Land Use in the Monocentric City Commercial and Industrial Land Use 工商业的土地利用 Residential land use 住宅土地利用 Land Use in the Monocentric City 单一中心城市的土地利用 Exercises Commercial and Industrial Land Use The Bid-Rent Function of Manufacturers 制造商的投标租金函数 The Bid-Rent Function of Office Firms 写字楼的投标租金函数 Land Use in the Central Business District 中心商务区的土地利用 Location of Retailers 零售商的区位 The Bid-Rent Function of Manufacturers Suppose 假设 Production = 6 Fixed prices =1000 Competitive markets = 900 Baseball freight cost Raw material freight cost Factor substitution pre-rent profit = total revenue – Nonland cost – freight cost Rent=(pre-rent profit)/(size of factory site) The Bid-Rent Function of Manufacturers The firm’s profit： Π=PbB – C – t Bμ – RT Bid-rent ：R = (PaA