培训课件--包和能量与宏量营养素.ppt

HDL cholesterol, also referred to as good cholesterol, is protective against plaque build up because it functions to transport excess cholesterol away from arteries back to the liver. It is the ratio of LDL to HDL cholesterol that is the best predictor of risk for cardiovascular disease. Thus, high levels of LDL cholesterol and low levels of HDL cholesterol, a high LDL/HDL ratio, increases ones risk, while a low LDL/HDL ratio reduces risk. HDL levels can be increased by Aerobic exercise, losing weight and stop smoking, increase fiber in diet, reduce fat in diet. Over time, if LDL cholesterol levels remain high, plaques increase in size, causing thickening of the artery walls and narrowing of the arteries, a process called athersclerosis. Arteries that supply blood and oxygen to the heart muscles are called coronary arteries. When coronary arteries are narrowed by athersclerosis, they are incapable of supplying enough blood and oxygen to the heart muscle during exertion. Lack of oxygen (ischemia) to the heart muscle causes chest pain, also formation of a blood clot in the artery can clause complete blockage of the artery, leading to death of heart muscle (heart attack). This slide summarizes total and HDL cholesterol guidelines established by The National Institutes of Health National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Total cholesterol levels less than 200 mg/dL are desirable, levels above this increase risk proportionally as levels increase. HDL cholesterol levels less than 40 are considered to be unhealthy. You want your HDL levels to be as high as possible with 60 or over optimal. This slide summarizes total and HDL cholesterol guidelines established by The National Institutes of Health National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Total cholesterol levels less than 200 mg/dL are desirable, levels above this increase risk proportionally as levels increase. HDL cholesterol levels less than 40 are considered to be unhealthy. You want your HDL levels to be a