杂种优势育种(1)课件.pptx

BREEDINGFORHETEROSIS

杂种优势育种;;TheFoundationPeriod

Maize:Shull(1905-09);East(1908):Inbredlines-Singlecross

Shull(1914):ThetermHETEROSISforhybridvigor

Jones(1918):Doublecross

H.A.Wallace:PioneerHi-BredCornConpany

TheDevelopmentPeriod

Maize:1920-1960’sDoublecross/Three-waycross/Singlecross

Sorghum:Three-linehybrid;Useofcms-System,1950’s

Rice:HeteroticHybridrice,three-linesystem

TheFatherYuanLongping,1964-1972

Rape:HybridRapeseed,three-linetypes;

TheFatherLiDianrong:The1sthybridrapevariety

ThePioneerFuTingdong:ThePolimacms

OtherCrops:Moreandmore;2.TheConceptofHeterosis

HybridheterosisandHybridvigor

TypesofHeterosis:1)vegetative,2)productive

3)adaptive

MeasurementofHeterosisp.118-119

(1)Mid-parentheterosis

(2)Over-parentheterosis

(3)Over-standard(Overcheckheterosis)

(4)HeteroticIndex;3.TheCharacteristicsofHeterotic

PerformanceinPlants

(1)Multiple-characterPhenomenon

(2)RelatedtoParentalGeneticDifference

(3)RelatedtoParentalHomozygosity

(4)EnvironmentDependent

(5)DepressionofHeterosisinF2andlatergenerations

4.TheFixationofHeterosis

P.120;;2.TheOver-dominanceHypothesis

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F1;;;2.BreedingofParentLines

Breedingforinbredlineinmaize:Continuousself-breeding

InbredLineistheoffspringderivedfromasuperiorsingleplantafteraseriesofartificialinbreeding(orself-breeding)andselection.Aninbredlineisahomozygousline,apureline,auniformlineandastableline.Itcanbereprod