高中英语指导册手第四部分定语从句.doc

第四部分 定语从句 一、知识点拨 （一）限制性定语从句(Restrictive Attributive Clause) 问题一：常用关系代词的格和其在从句中作何成分？ 1．常用关系代词who，whom，whose，which，that等，它们的格，见下表： 主格 宾格 所有格 指代人 who/that whom/who/that whose 指代物 which/that which/that whose/of which 2．关系代词在从句中通常所作的成分，见下表： 主语 宾语 定语 表语 Who / / Whom / Whose / Which / / / That / / / As / / / Than / / But / 问题二：关系代词who和whom在运用中须注意什么？ who指人，作为主格的who，在从句中作主语。whom也是指人，作为宾格的whom在从句中作宾语，可以省略。who有时可以代替whom。who与whom须注意的是： 1．当whom在从句中作介宾，且接在该介词之后时，只能用whom不能用who，（详见问题八：定语从句中充当宾语的关系代词在运用中须注意，意什么？3）如： The man who / whom you were talking about has come to inspect our school. = The man about whom you were talking has come to inspect our school. 2．注意分析关系代词在从句中究竟是作宾语还是主语。如： This is Professor Luxon, who I think has something interesting to tell us. (/) This is Professor Luxon, whom I think has something interesting to tell us. (X) （若认为关系代词是作I think的宾语而用whom，则是错误的 因为I think的宾语不是whom一个词，而是who has something interesting to tell us整个从句分。而在整个从句部分中，关系代词作主语，所以应用who。I think是插入语，若去掉插入语I think，I think，从句仍是个完整的从句who has something interesting to tell us。（另见（三）、定语从句其它注意点 问题二：如何分析含有插入语的定语从句？） 问题三：关系代词所有格有哪些表示形式？ 表示人的所有格用whose。表示物的所有格用of which，但有时也用whose，如： ① People believe that surgeons are professionals whose skills sometimes mean the difference between life and death. ②The path whose sides / of which the sides / the sides of which are covered with trees extends to the forest. 问题题四：关系代词which在运用中须圭意什么？ which指物，在从句中通常作主语、宾语。有时，which也可在从句中作定语。如： ① Some forms of greeting which are good manners in China are not considered so in Britain or some other English-speaking countries. (作主语) ② Today Michelangelos works are still examples from which art students must learn, and visitors to such tourist attractions still cant help but admire them. （作宾语） ③ My sister spent five years at university, during which time she studied medicine.（作定语） ④ Five years of life in prison changed him greatly, for which reason she could hardly rec