热处理对铝合金轧制板材力学性能及显微组织的影响.doc
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毕业设计题目: 热处理对铝合金轧制板材力学性能及显微组织的影响
毕业设计专题题目:(不填)
毕业设计主要内容和要求:
铝合金经过铸轧后,需要经过热处理才能满足使用性能的要求,本课题针对轧制后的铝合金板材进行热处理实验,借助显微组织和力学性能的设备,研究热处理工艺对铝合金板材组织和性能的影响规律,为扩大铝合金板材应用奠定基础。
摘 要
随着城市轻轨、地铁和汽车轻量化的发展,工业铝合金板材的需求量越来越大。铝合金由于具有高强度、高韧度、轻质结构、耐腐蚀、加工性好、易回收等特点,是现代社会所追求的、最有希望的金属材料之一,广泛应用于交通、建材、航空、航天等民用及军工领域,在国民经济和国防建设中具有不可替代的重要作用。而6000系铝合金更是由于具有强度高,塑性好,优良的耐蚀性等优点而成为近年来研究的热点。研究热处理工艺对铝合金板材组织和性能的影响规律,从而扩大铝合金板材应用范围是具备重要工程价值的研究课题。
本文采用显微硬度计、电子拉伸试验机以及电子扫描显微镜等分析手段,系统地研究了一种具有新型成分的Al-Mg-Si系铝合金在不同热处理工艺下的成形性和力学性能。板材各向力学性能试验表明,板材的力学性能并未出现沿轧制方向上的各向异性,说明轧制工艺参数控制的较好。未经热处理的试样的屈强比为0.85,加工硬化指数为0.25;而热处理后的试样的屈强比为0.60,加工硬化指数为0.27,故而热处理后的铝合金板材具有良好的成形性能。在较高温度下预时效处理的铝合金基体中有尺寸较大的析出物,使屈服强度和硬度较低,对于随后的冲压成形较为有利。同时较大的析出物对促进烘烤硬化过程中形成大量β″强化相更为有利。
关键词: 6000系铝合金 ;力学性能 ;成形性 ;预时效
ABSTRACT
As the development of urban light rail, subway and lightweight automotive, the demand for industrial aluminum sheet is increasing. Due to its high strength, high toughness, lightweight, corrosion resistance, good processability and easy recovery features, aluminum is the pursuit of modern society, the most promising metal, widely used in transportation, building materials, aviation, aerospace and other civilian and military fields, and has an irreplaceable role in the national economy and national defense construction. The 6000 series aluminum alloys is as high strength, good ductility, excellent corrosion resistance and other advantages of a research focus in recent years. Studying the influences of heat treatment on microstructure and properties of aluminum alloy sheets, thus expanding the application of aluminum alloy sheet is the value of projects with important research topic.
In this paper, the formability and mechanical properties of a new aluminum alloys which would be processed by different heat treatment are researched, by the methods such as microscope, electronic tensile tester, micro hardness tester and SEM analysis. The tensile strength test indicates that the strength is isotropy in thre
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