初中英语语法宾语从句讲解_专项练习及答案.doc

宾语从句宾语从句小口诀： 宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制； 主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；陈述句转化that引，一般疑问句用if/whether, 特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。 E.g. Could you tell me whats the matter\wrong with you? 特殊情况：：当do you think后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，句式结构应为引导词＋do you think＋陈述句语序。 .当主句是一般现在时，一般将来时或祈使句时，从句不受主句的限制，根据自身的需要选用相应的时态。例如： Do you know（if/whether he has seen the film）? .当主句是一般过去时，从句要用过去时的相应时态。例如： I didnt know （if/whether he had seen the film.） 注意：当主句是一般过去时，而从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象，科学原理，格言等，从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如： He said （that the earth moves round the sun.） The teacher told us （that light travels much faster than sound.）　 、人称的变化和标点的使用 .从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。如：“May I use your knife？”He asked me. →He asked me if he might use my knife. “Do you know her telephone number？”He asked me. →He asked me if I know her telephone number. . 宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号。如： Who will give us a talk? I don’t know. →I don’t know who will give us a talk. Do you know？Where does he live? →Do you know where he lives? 、宾语从句的转化 1.2. 当主句谓语动词是hope，wish，decide，forget，plan，agree等，且主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如： She agreed that she could help me with my maths. →She agreed to help me with my maths. 2.当主句的谓语动词是know, learn, forget, remember, decide等后面带特殊疑问句转化的宾语时，主从句的主语也须一致这时从句可以简化成“疑问词＋不定式结构”。例如： I dont know which sweater I should buy.→I dont know which sweater to buy. 3.当主句的谓语动词是ask，tell, show, teach等后面带双宾语时，从句的主语和间接宾语一致，且从句是由特殊疑问句转化来时，从句可以转化成“疑问词＋不定式结构”在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词＋不定式”结构。如：→Could you tell me how to get to the park? . 当主句谓语动词是find，see，watch，hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语＋宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。如：She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground. →She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground. 宾语从句习题 1.Have you decided ________for Australia? A. when will you leave B. when do you leave C. you will leave when D. when you will leave 2.Can you tell me _________ ? A. where does Tom live B. where Tom lived C. Tom