平面磨床中英文外文中英文翻译文献.doc

平面磨床中英文外文翻译文献 Surface grinding Surface grinding?is used to produce a smooth finish on flat surfaces. It is a widely used?abrasive machining?process in which a spinning wheel covered in rough particles (grinding wheel) cuts chips of metallic or non metallic substance from a workpiece, making a face of it flat or smooth. Process Surface grinding is the most common of the grinding operations. It is a finishing process that uses a rotating abrasive wheel to smooth the flat surface of metallic or nonmetallic materials to give them a more refined look or to attain a desired surface for a functional purpose. The surface grinder is composed of an abrasive wheel, a workholding device known as a?chuck, and a reciprocating table. The chuck holds the material in place while it is being worked on. It can do this one of two ways: metallic pieces are held in place by a magnetic chuck, while nonmetallic pieces are held in place by vacuum or mechanical means. Factors to consider in surface grinding are the material of the grinding wheel and the material of the piece being worked on. Typical workpiece materials include cast iron and minor steel. These two materials dont tend to clog the grinding wheel while being processed. Other materials are aluminum, stainless steel, brass and some plastics. When grinding at high temperatures, the material tends to become weakened and is more inclined to corrode. This can also result in a loss of magnetism in materials where this is applicable. The tolerances that are normally achieved with grinding are ± 2 × 10?4?inches for a grinding a flat material, and ± 3 × 10?4?inches for a parallel surface. The grinding wheel is not limited to just a cylindrical shape, but can have a myriad of options that are useful in transferring different designs to the object being worked on. When surface grinding an object, one must keep in mind that the shape of the wheel will be transferred to the material of the object like a mirror image. Spark out?is a term us