英语国家概况-Chapter-8.ppt

Chapter8

AMERICANANDBRITISH

RELIGIONANINTRODUCTIONTOTHEENGLISH-SPEAKINGCOUNTRIES

ThreeGreatWorldReligionsBuddhismIslamChristianityAmericanReligionTheimportanceofreligioninAmerican’slifeReligiouslibertyinUSMainreligiouspreferencesofAmericansFeaturesofAmericanreligionBritishReligionCONTENTS

8.1ThreeGreatWorldReligionsTherearethreegreatworldreligions:Buddhism----Islam----Christianity----

8.1.1BuddhismataglanceBuddhismisatraditionthatfocusesonpersonalspiritualdevelopmentandtheattainmentofadeepinsightintothetruenatureoflife.Buddhismteachesthatalllifeisinterconnected,socompassionisnaturalandimportant.Buddhistsstriveforadeepinsightintothetruenatureoflifeanddonotworshipgodsordeities.BuddhismismainlydistributedoverSouthernandEasternAsia.ItssymbolistheLotus.

8.1.1Buddhismataglance

8.1.1BuddhismataglanceBuddhismis2,500yearsold.Therearecurrently376millionfollowersworldwide.BuddhismaroseasaresultofSiddharthaGautama(乔达摩悉达多，释迦牟尼)’squestforEnlightenmentinaroundthe6thcenturyBC.Buddhismbelievethatnothingisfixedorpermanent---changeisalwayspossible.

8.1.1BuddhismataglanceThetwomainBuddhistsectsareTheravadaBuddhism〔小乘佛教〕andMahayanaBuddhism〔大乘佛教〕,buttherearemanymore.Buddhismisaverycolorfulfaithwithmanyfestivalsthroughouttheyear.Buddhistscanworshipbothathomeoratatemple.ThepathtoEnlightenmentisthroughthepracticeanddevelopmentofmorality,meditationandwisdom.

8.1.2IslamataglanceIslambeganinArabiaandwasrevealedtohumanitybytheProphetMuhammad(先知穆罕默德).ThosewhofollowIslamarecalledMuslims.MuslimsbelievethatthereisonlyoneGod.TheArabicwordforGodisAllah(真主阿拉).ThewordIslammeans“submissiontothewillofGod”.Islamisthesecondlargestreligionintheworldwithover1billionfollowers.

8.1.2Islamata