GMAT写作的三个步骤：原因、结果、论证.pdf

                                                                    北美考试部  GMAT 写作的三个步骤：原因、结果、论证 在 gmat 备考之中，大家都会遇到 gmat 写作中的一些问题，经过网友的分析总结，下面 就来看看 AA 中的“七宗罪”可以按照论证的原因、结果、论证过程三部分，归为三个类别： 因、果、证，接着就来看看具体情况。 1、因 就是原因上的问题，有以下三个： 可疑调查 样本不足 结论无据 2 、果 就是结论上的问题，有以下两个： 无因果联系 二者择一 3、证 就是论证过程上的问题，有以下两个，纵向横向各一个： 错误类比(横向) 时地全等(纵向) 这样，只要记住了三字诀：因、果、证，就很容易记牢全部七宗罪了。 顺便分析一下本月 JJ 的一篇AA ： “Our total sales have increased this year by 20 percent since we added a pharmacy section to our grocery store. Clearly, the customer ’s main concern is the convenience afforded by one-stop shopping. // 无因果联系，可能另有他因。 The surest way to increase our profits over the next couple of years, therefore, is to add a clothing department along with an automotive supplies and repair shop. We should also plan to continue adding new departments and services, such as a restaurant and a garden shop, in subsequent years. // 时地全等 Being the only store in the area that offers such a range of services will give us a competitive advantage over other local stores. ” // 结论无据 附：七宗罪 第一宗罪：无因果联系 The author commits a fallacy of causal oversimplification. The line of the reasoning is that because A occurred before B, the former event is responsible for the latter. (The author uses the positive correlation between A and B to establish causality. However, the fact that A coincides with B does not necessarily prove that A caused B.) But this is fallacious reasoning unless other possible causal explanations have been considered and ruled out. For example, perhaps C is the cause of these events or perhaps B is caused by D. 第二宗罪 样本不足 Insufficient-sample The evidence the author provides is insufficient to support the conclusion drawn from it. One example is logically unsounded to establish a general conclusion (The statistics fro