中学生人际关系状况及策略研究——以青岛市城阳四中为例-a study on middle school students interpersonal relations and strategies —— a case study of chengyang no.4 middle school in qingdao city.docx

万方数据 万方数据 摘 要 众多的调查研究表明，当前我国中小学生的人际交往状况不容乐观，中学生的人 际交往和人际关系不仅影响着他们的学习状态，而且也直接关系到他们的心理健康。 中学生处于逐渐走向成熟的特殊发展阶段， 他们确立自我，渴望独立，人际交往日 趋广泛，正处于人际关系发展的重要时期。了解中学生人际交往的发展状况，掌握他 们人际关系的特点，指导中学生建立良好的人际关系，对于提高中学生的心理发展水 平、维护他们的身心健康具有重要意义。为此，我们进行了专门的调查和访谈，以便 了解中学生人际交往的状况，从而指导中学生进行良好的人际交往，建立和谐的人际 关系。 本文采用《中学生人际关系综合诊断量表》，对城阳四中三个级部的学生进行抽 样调查，调查结果显示： 1．城阳四中中学生人际交往总体状况不容乐观，男生与女生相比较，男生优于 女生。 2．外来务工人员的子女在人际交往方面的行为困扰程度明显高于本地子女。 3.初中生在交谈、交际交友、待人接物、异性交往方面存在明显的困扰。 除了问卷调查之外，还通过访谈、个别案例探究了初中生人际交往的现状以及形 成的原因，主要从个人、家庭、学校、社会等方面做了分析。 为了解决目前初中生人际交往存在的问题，我们认为从学校层面上需要做以下几 方面工作：在学科中渗透培养健康的人际交往观念，在班主任工作中鼓励学生多交往， 形成良好的人际关系；学校领导要创造融洽的气氛，促进师生间的和谐交往。家庭教 育与社会环境共同协助，形成合力，共同促进学生健康人际交往。 关键词：初中生；人际交往； 人际关系；策略 Abstract Many researches suggest that the situation of interpersonal relationship of students in middle schools is not promising. Interpersonal relationship not only affects their academic performance, but also directly relates to their mental health. Teenagers are at a special development stage, as they are growing mature. It is also a critical interpersonal relationship development stage, as teenagers are establishing their identity, having the desire of independence and expanding their social circles. Therefore, understanding the conditions and characteristics of teenager relationships and guiding them to establish healthy relationships are important to ensure they grow up healthy, both physically and mentally. For this purpose, we have conducted surveys and interviews to reach these objectives. This paper presents the survey results of randomly selected students of a ll grades at Chengyang No.4 Middle School by using the “Comprehensive Teenager Personal Relationship Assessment”. Survey results suggests: The interpersonal relationship of students in Chengyang No.4 Middle School is not positive in general, while boys perform better than girls. Compared to local students, children of migrant workers clearly have more difficulty in interpersonal relationship. Students have problems in commu