《Lecture+13(耶鲁大学-心理学导论讲稿)》.pdf

1 Introduction to Psychology Yale University Lecture 13 What weve been talking about so far in the course are human universals, what everybody shares. So, weve been talking about language, about rationality, about perception, about the emotions, about universals of development, and weve been talking about what people share. But honestly, what a lot of us are very interested in is why were different and the nature of these differences and the explanation for them. And thats what well turn to today. So first, well discuss how are people different, different theories about what makes you different in a psychological way from the person sitting next to you, and then well review different theories about why people are different. And this is the class which is going to bother the most people. Its not dualism. Its not evolution. Its this because the scientific findings on human psychological differences are, to many of us, shocking and unbelievable. And I will just try to persuade you to take them seriously. Okay. So, how are people different? Well, theres all sorts of ways. Your sexual identity--It is at the core of your being for almost all of us whether youre male or female. How we refer to you in language, what pronoun we use, is indexed on how we--on your--on how--whether youre male or female and related to that though imperfectly is your sexual orientation, who youre attracted to. The question of why some of us think of ourselves as males and others as females, and the question of why some of us would ideally want to have sex with males, others with females, others with both, and then a few others who have harder to define desires, is such a good question that were going to talk about it after spring break while all the sexual desire has been spent and you could focus on [laughter] on a scientific discussion of this--not that I recommend you do that on spring break. How happ