专八改错真题02年-12年.doc
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2012年
The central problem of translating has always been whether to translate literally or freely. The argument has been going since at least the first (1) ______ century B.C. Up to the beginning of the 19th century, many writers favored certain kind of “free” translation: the spirit, not the letter; the (2) _______ sense not the word; the message rather the form; the matter not (3) _______ the manner. This is the often revolutionary slogan of writers who (4) _______ wanted the truth to be read and understood. Then in the turn of 19th (5) _______ century, when the study of cultural anthropology suggested that the linguistic barriers were insuperable and that the language (6) _______ was entirely the product of culture, the view translation was impossible (7) _______ gained some currency, and with it that, if was attempted at all, it must be as (8) _______ literal as possible. This view culminated the statement of the (9) _______ extreme “literalists” Walter Benjamin and Vladimir Nobokov. The argument was theoretical: the purpose of the translation, the nature of the readership, the type of the text, was not discussed. Too often, writer, translator and reader were implicitly identified with each other. Now, the context has changed, and the basic problem remains. (10) _______
2011年
From a very early age, perhaps the age of five or six, I knew
?that when I grew I should be a writer. Between the ages of about ??????? ?1__________
seventeen and twenty-four I tried to abandon this idea, but I did so
?with the conscience that I was outraging my true nature and that ???????? 2___________
soon or later I should have to settle down and write books.???????????????? 3___________
? I was the child of three, but there was a gap of five years ?????? 4__________
on either side, and I barely saw my father before I was eight. For
this and other reasons I was somewhat lonely, and I soon de
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