有机化学Chapter 7 Stereochemistry立体化学.ppt

Additional Problems: Which of the following pairs of Fischer projection represent the same enantiomer, and which represent different enantiomers？ 2. Assign R or S conformation to the following Fischer projections: 3. Draw Fischer projections that fit the following descriptions: (a) The R enantiomer of alanine(丙氨酸) , CH3CH(NH2)COOH (d) The S enantiomer of 3-methylhexane Chapter 7 Stereochemistry 7.1 Molecular Chirality and Enantiomers Characteristic of enantiomers Chiral molecules Chirality 7.2 Molecular Symmetry and Asymmetric Molecules Symmetric elements Achiral Molecules 7.3 Properties of Chiral Molecules: Optical Activity 7.4 Representation and Nomenclature of Chiral Molecules A. Representation Fischer projections B. Naming enantiomers with one stereocenter by R-S notational system 7.5 Chiral Molecules With Two Stereocenters 7.5.1 Chiral Molecules With Two Different Stereocenter： Diastereomers 7.5.2 Stereoisomers With Two Same Stereocenters Meso-form 7.5.3 Physical Properties of Stereoisomer 7.6 Resolution of Enantiomers Cis-, Trans Molecular structure Molecular constitution（分子构造） Constitutional isomers: to have the same Molecular formula. Molecular configuration （分子构型） Stereoisomers: The same mole. constitution The different spatial arrangement of atoms or groups Enantiomers (对映异构体) Diastereomers (非对映异构体) The former is unchang- ed by rota- tion of C-C Single bond Configurational isomers ? Molecular confor- mation(构象) Conformers: The same configuration The different spatial arrangement of atoms or groups by rotation of C-C single bond The atoms are bonded in different order: （1）C skeleton isomers; （2）Isomers of the functional group site; （3）Isomers of functional group: 7.1 Molecular Chirality [手(征)性] and Enantiomers A tetrahedron C is bonded to four different