2018年高考英语语法复习精讲八(状语从句).docx

状语从句状语从句在句中作状语，可分为：时间、条件、让步、原因、目的、结果、比较、地点、方式状语从句。时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的连词有：when, as, while, until, not…until, before, after, since, the minute, the moment, each( every, next, the first) time等。时间状语从句中一般用一般现在时或一般过去时。When , while, as都可解释为“当```的时候”但侧重点有所不同。When 谓语动词可以是延续，也可以是瞬间动词。Eg: When I arrived home , I had a little rest.注意点：when 从句的主语与主句主语相同，谓语动词是be 动词时，从句主语和be可以省略。Eg: When (she was) walking along the street, she met her class teacher.AsAs 表示“当```的时候”, 意思上强调“随着.....”，还可表示为“一面```一面”，“随着”Eg: He sang as he danced.(一面```一面) You will grow wiser as you grow older.(随着)While表示“当```的时候”强调主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生，从句一般用进行时，从句动词必须是延续性动词。Eg: While we were working, they were having a rest. While (they were) having a discussion, they got very confused.注意点：while 有对比的含义，解释为“然而”。eg: I prefer black tee, while he likes coffee.until, not…until表示“直到```才”,在肯定句中主句常用延续性动词；在否定句中主句常用短暂性动词。肯定句：I waited until midnight.否定句：I did not leave until midnight.注意点：1）not until…在句首，主句用倒装eg: Not until you had explained how did I manage to do it.2) It is not until…that…引导的强调句It was not until it was dark that he came back.3. the minute, the moment, each time都可表示“一```就```”eg: The worker recognized the type of the machine the moment he saw it.注意点：the minute, the moment, each ( every, next, the first) time作连词不和when 连用。4．Hardly/scarcely…when, no sooner…than, as soon as表示为“一```就```”eg: I had hardly/scarcely got home when it began to rain. I had no sooner got home than it began to rain. It began to rain as soon as I got home.注意点：Hardly/scarcely…when, no sooner…than位于句首，主句用倒装eg: Had I hardly/scarcely got home when it began to rain. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.二条件状语从句条件状语从句分为两大类：真实条件句和虚拟条件句。引导条件状语从句的连词有：if, unless/ if …not, as long as/ so long as, provided/providing (that), on condition that 等。条件状语从句中如果主句是将来时，条件状语从句用一般现在时。1. unless 相当于if…noteg: You will fail unless you study hard. You will not fail if you study hard.注意点：在虚拟条件句中可用if…not，但不能用unlesseg: If she were not too silly,she would understand