植物学 第五章（Chapter 5 of botany）.doc

植物学 第五章（Chapter 5 of botany） Chapter 5 the morphological and reproductive processes of seed plant reproductive organs 1. The focus of this chapter: the basic composition and structure of a flower, anther development, structure and the formation of the pollen grain, ovule development, structure and the formation of embryo sac, double fertilization effect and its biological significance of angiosperms, embryo and endosperm development, the formation and spread of the fruit. 2. Difficulties in this chapter: understanding the developmental process of anther and ovule, the process and meaning of meiosis, and the biological significance of double fertilization. 3. Basic requirements: master reproductive related concepts, the composition and the basic characteristics of each part of a flower, the formation of the development of anther and pollen grains, the formation of the development of ovule and embryo sac, meiosis, and double fertilization and its biological significance, the structure and development of fruit types. 4. Teaching method: multimedia teaching; Field teaching There are three ways to reproduce: A, vegetative reproduction: A part of the body that separates itself from the mother and forms A new individual. B, asexual reproduction (asexual reproduction) : the plant produces a fertile specialised cell, spore, that develops into new individuals. C, sexual reproduction: the formation of a special reproductive cell -- gametes, gametes, and a zygote, formed by the zygote and developed into a new individual. heterogamy The reproductive organs of § 5.1 angiosperms The morphological structure and development of flowers (1) composition of flowers 1. Pedicel: 2. Receptacle: 3. Perianth: two flowers (dichlamydeous flower) Single flowers (monochlamydeous flower) No flowers (achlamydeous flower) A, calyx: several sepals (sepal), often green (photosynthetic) Separation - from calyx; Conjoined to calyx; B, corolla (corolla) : a number of petal components, arranged in a roun