市公开课选修七Unit2语法.ppt

不定式由“to + do (动词原形)”构成, 其否定形式是“not to do”, 不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语, 在句子中作 ______, _____, _____, _____, _____, _____ 或 _________。不定式没有人称和数的变化, 但有 _____ 和 _____ 的变化。 插入语 主语 表语 宾语 宾补 定语 状语 时态 语态 不定式有时态和语态的变化，时态共四种，即一般式、完成式、进行式和完成进行式。语态分为主动语态和被动语态，如下表所示。 形 式 主 动 被 动 一般式 进行式 完成式 完成进行式 to do to have done to be doing to have been doing to be done to have been done 归纳： 逻辑主语是动作的执行者时用 _____ 语态； 逻辑主语是动作的承受者时用 _____语态。 主动 被动 1.He hopes _________(see) you again. 他希望再次见到你。 2.He thought it an honor ___________ (invite) to the party. 他认为被邀请参加派对是个荣幸。 to see to be invited 1. He ordered the bridge __________(build) within the month.他命令在月内建成这座桥。 2. She was glad _________________(give)so much help.得到如此多的帮助, 她很高兴。 to be built to have been given 归纳： 动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生或在其后发生用___________________；动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前用____________________________。 to be done to have been done (1)The meeting _________(hold) is of great importance. 要举行的这个会议很重要。 (2) This house seems _____________ (build) by a good architect. 这个房子似乎是一个厉害的建筑师建造的。 to be held to have been built 1. The dishes need ____________. to be washed wash 2. The mail is intended(准备) __________. send to be sent 4. The house is ________(待售). sell to be sold 3. The wall is expected _____________. to be painted paint Speaking: using the structure “need to be done” 通常在believe, suppose, say, report等动词构成 的句子可以转换成主语+be+P.P.+to have been done People believe that he was killed. It is believed that he was killed. He is believed to have been killed. 转化成it’s +p.p.+that从句 转化成He’s +p.p.+? 大家相信他被杀了。 The meeting is said _________________ (cancel). 据说会议取消了。 2. The book is reported _________________ (translate) into many languages. 据报道这本书已经被翻译成很多种语言。 to have been translated to have been cancelled He is hard to convince. The problem is too difficult to work out. With nothing to do, he lay in bed. 归纳：在“… be + adj + to do”结构中。常用的形容词有easy, difficult, hard,