智能小车设计总结报告报告.doc
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智能小车设计报告
学校:武汉工业职业技术学院
组员姓名:刘超超 曹晔
李于飞 韩贝
指导教师:赵兴宇
摘要
本小车以STC89C52低功耗、高性能单片机为检测和控制核心,通过写入的驱动、循迹、避障等程序再连接外围电路来实现小车的启停、智能避障、智能循迹功能。充分运用了C52单片机的功能。论文介绍了智能小车的机械结构和硬件电路的实现方法。在机械结构上采用的是四轮四驱动,为小车的启动和运转提供强劲的动力,四轮式小车的应用范围广,稳定性更优越,底盘空间大,便于安装传感器、驱动电路,循迹电路,使小车外观搭配更为合理美观。硬件电路由L298n控制驱动电机正反转的速度切换,红外对管发射和接受红外线控制小车循迹,超声波控制小车避障和测距。更有RT12864液晶屏显示小车的测距数据,界面清晰流畅。
关键词:STC89C52单片机、传感器、智能化、 L298n驱动、ST168红外对管
Abstract
This car to STC89C52 low-power, high-performance single-chip for the detection and control of the core, and written to the drive, tracking, obstacle avoidance and other procedures to be connected to the external circuit to implement the start and stop of the car, intelligent obstacle avoidance, intelligent tracking function. Make full use of the function of the C52 MCU. This article introduces the mechanical structure of the smart car and the hardware circuit. Used in the mechanical structure of four-wheel drive, provide a strong impetus for the startup and operation of the car, four-car wide range of applications, superior stability, chassis space, easy to install sensor drive circuit, tracking circuit to make the car look with a more reasonable appearance. Control the speed of drive motor reversing switch hardware circuit by L298n infrared transmitting and receiving infrared control of the car tracking on the tube, ultrasonic control car obstacle avoidance and ranging. More RT12864 LCD displays ranging data of the car, the interface is clear and smooth.
Keywords: STC89C52, microcontroller, sensors, intelligent, four Wheel drive,infrared on the tube.
目录
摘要 2
目录 3
正文 4
1系统设计 4
1.1设计思路 4
1.1.1 机械部分设计: 4
1.1.2 电路部分设计: 4
1.2总体方案论证与选择 4
2单元模块方案论证 6
2.1模块功能说明及方案论证选择 6
2.1.1小车底盘选择方案 6
2.1.2供电方案论证与选择 6
2.1.3智能避障方案论证及选择 6
2.1.4电机驱动模块方案论证及选择 6
2.1.5循迹方案论证及选择 7
2.2循迹、避障工作原理 7
2.2.1循迹模块 7
2.2.2避障模块 8
3单元电路设计 8
3.1电机驱动设计 8
3.2超声波避障设计 9
3.3自动循迹设计 9
4系统调试 10
4.1测试工具: 10
4.2测试过程 10
4.2.1 电机驱动模块。 11
4.2.2 超声波壁障模块。 11
4.2.3 循迹模块。 11
5结论 11
6参考文献 11
正文
1系统设计
1.1设计思路
1.
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