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初中英语语法之现在完成时讲解练习及答案.docx

发布:2021-01-29约8.59千字共7页下载文档
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现在完成时 【现在完成时】 A. 表示 去 生或已 完成的 作 在造成的影响或 果,或从 去已 开始,持 到 在的 作或状 。 【常用 状 】 recently, lately, since+ 点 , for+ 数字 + 名 , in the past few months/years 等 【构成】 肯定形式: have/has + done 否定形式 : have/has + not +done 一般疑 句 : have 或 has 放于句首 在完成 的用法 1) 在完成 所表示的 作在 之前已完成,而 在有影响。 eg. The car has arrived. 子来了。( 果: 子已在 口) Someone has broken the window. 有人把窗 打破了。( 果:窗 仍破着) 区 : have been to, have gone to, have been in have been to,表示去 某个地方,不 在已 回来了 have gone to 表示去了,但 没有回来,也 是在去的途中 have been in 指的是在某个地方,从 去一直延 到 在 例如:你以前去 北京么? 例如: A: Is Mr.Wang at home? B: No,he is not in, (他去香港了) 2) 在完成 所表示的 作开始于 去,持 到 在,也 会持 下去。常用 for 和 since 表示 一段 的状 或 so far, now, today, this week (month , year)等表示包括 在 在内的状 。 eg. He has studied English for 5 years. He has studied English since 2001. Now I have finished the work. 注意: 表示短 作的 ,如 :come, go, die, marry, buy 等的完成 不能与 for, since 等表 示一段 的 用。用来持 的 作或状 或表 去重复的 作,如 live ,study, be, wait 等,常和 since(自从)或 for( )引 的 用。 如: I have lived here for more than thirty years. 我已在此住了 30 多年。 由非延 性 到延 性 的 : arrive → be here begin(start) → be on die → be dead come back → be back leave → be away fall ill(sick, asleep) be ill(sick, asleep) get up → be up go out → be out finish → be over put on → wear或 be on open → be open join → be in  或 be a member of? close → be closed go to school → be a student borrow → keep buy → have catch(a cold) → have(a cold) get to know → know begin to study → study come to work → work 1 例题 ( ) 1.When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus _____ for 20 minutes. A. has left B. had left C. has been away D. had been away ( ) 2. I ______ the League for 5 years so far. A. joined B. have joined C. have been in ( ) 3.The factory ____ since the February of 1988. A . has been open B. has opened C. was open D. opened ( ) 4.Mary and Rose ____friends since they met in 2000. A. have made B. have been C. made D. have become ( ) 5.You mustnt_____ until he comes back. A. be away B. leave C. be left ( ) 6.The meeting _____ for a week now. A. ha
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