台湾清华大学生命科学第十三讲焦传金教授.pptx

Copyright?PearsonEducation,Inc.,publishingasPearsonBenjaminCummingsPowerPoint?LecturePresentationsforBiology EighthEditionNeilCampbellandJaneReeceLecturesbyChrisRomero,updatedbyErinBarleywithcontributionsfromJoanSharpChapter12TheCellCycle第1页

Overview:TheKeyRolesofCellDivision?Theabilityoforganismstoreproducebestdistinguisheslivingthingsfromnonlivingmatter?Thecontinuityoflifeisbasedonthereproductionofcells,orcelldivisionCopyright?PearsonEducation,Inc.,publishingasPearsonBenjaminCummings第2页

?Inunicellularorganisms,divisionofonecellreproducestheentireorganism?Multicellularorganismsdependoncelldivisionfor: –Developmentfromafertilizedcell –Growth –Repair?Celldivisionisanintegralpartofthecellcycle,thelifeofacellfromformationtoitsowndivisionCopyright?PearsonEducation,Inc.,publishingasPearsonBenjaminCummings第3页

Fig.12-2100μm200μm20μm(a)Reproduction(b)Growthanddevelopment(c)TissuerenewalThefunctionsofcelldivision第4页

Concept12.1:Celldivisionresultsingeneticallyidenticaldaughtercells?Mostcelldivisionresultsindaughtercellswithidenticalgeneticinformation,DNA?Aspecialtypeofdivisionproducesnonidenticaldaughtercells(gametes,orspermandeggcells)Copyright?PearsonEducation,Inc.,publishingasPearsonBenjaminCummings第5页

CellularOrganizationoftheGeneticMaterial?AlltheDNAinacellconstitutesthecell’sgenome?AgenomecanconsistofasingleDNAmolecule(commoninprokaryoticcells)oranumberofDNAmolecules(commonineukaryoticcells)?DNAmoleculesinacellarepackagedintochromosomesCopyright?PearsonEducation,Inc.,publishingasPearsonBenjaminCummings第6页

Fig.12-3Eukaryoticchromosomes 20μm第7页

?Everyeukaryoticspecieshasacharacteristicnumberofchromosomesineachcellnucleus?Somaticcells(nonreproductivecells)havetwosetsofchromosomes?Gametes(reproductive