全球化和跨国企业.ppt

1-* The Globalization Process Trident’s continued globalization will require it to identify the sources of it competitive advantages This variety of strategic alternatives available to Trident is called the foreign direct investment sequence which include the creation of foreign sales offices, licensing agreements, manufacturing, etc. Once Trident owns assets and enterprises in foreign countries it has entered the multinational phase of globalization 1-* Exhibit 1.9 Trident’s Foreign Direct Investment Sequence 1-* The Limits to Financial Globalization The growth in the influence and self-enrichment of corporate insiders The next exhibit illustrates the agency problems 1-* Exhibit 1.10 The Potential Limits of Financial Globalization Globalization and the Multinational Enterprise 1-* The Multinational Enterprise (MNE) A multinational enterprise (MNE)跨国企业 is defined as one that has operating subsidiaries, branches or affiliates located in foreign countries. The ownership of some MNEs is so dispersed internationally that they are known as transnational corporations跨国公司. A Transnational Corporation (TNC) differs from a traditional MNC in that it does not identify itself with one national home. Enterprise or Enterprize A?company, business, organization, or other purposeful?endeavor. 拥有多种解释，如商业上的一种事业体组合称为「企业」，但也可代表一种美德（武德），代表「进取」、「勇往」之意。 1-* Many MNCs obtain raw materials from one nation, financial capital from another, produce goods with labor and capital equipment in a third country and sell their output in various other national markets. 1-* 1-* Multinational Business Finance While multinational business finance emphasizes MNEs, purely domestic firms also often have significant international activities: Import export of products, components and services Licensing of foreign firms to conduct their foreign business Exposure to foreign competition in the domestic market Indirect exposure to international risks through relationships with customers and suppliers The