精品化工毕业设计说明书二氧化碳的吸收再生设计-定.doc

摘要 二氧化碳的吸收再生过程主要是由吸收、闪蒸和气提三部分组成。本次设计选用的脱碳剂是聚乙二醇二甲醚（NHD），属于物理吸收法。主要的设备是吸收塔和气提塔。在计算的过程中，首先根据所给的物料组成和工艺条件进行物料恒算和热量恒算，再进行塔设备的计算、校核及辅助设备的计算或选型。 吸收段的计算结果如下： 二氧化碳的脱除量，NHD的用量；塔底流出的富液℃；塔径为2.4m，填料层高度为9.49m，塔压降为2 115.5Pa。 解吸段的计算结果如下： 闪蒸出的二氧化碳的量17 217.7，二氧化碳的回收率为80%，溶液带出的热量88 771 324.7kJ/h，闪蒸的容积为2.1。 气提出的二氧化碳的量4 567.7，氮气的用量9090；塔底流出的液℃；上段塔径1.4m，下段塔径1.8m，填料层高度为5.7m，塔压降为2021.4Pa。 [关键词] 吸收、闪蒸、气提 ABSTRACT The decarbon and regeneration of carbon dioxide process is primarily composed by three parts: absorption, flash vaporization and gas stripping. This design uses polyethylene glycol dimethl ether (NHD) to decarbon, which is the physical absorption method. The main device is absorption column and stripper. In the process of calculation, firstly make material constant calculation and heat constant calculation, and then is the calculation of tower equipment, checking and ancillary equipment’s calculation or selection. Absorption segment’s results are as follows: The amount of carbon dioxide removel is 21 921.8m3/h and the amount of NHD is 1 515 m3/h; the heat of liquid-rich flow from tower bottom is 114 745 456.2kJ/h and the temperature of solution rises 6℃; the tower diameter is 2.4m, the height of packing layer is 9.49m and the column pressure dropping is 2 115.5Pa. The desorption segment’s results are as follows: The amount of carbon dioxide flashes is 17 217.7m3/h, the recovery rate of carbon dioxide is 80%, the heat brought out from solution is 88 771 324.7kJ/h and the volume of flash trough is 2.1 m3. The amount of carbon dioxide stripped out is 4 567.7 m3/h and the amount of nitwgen is 9 090 m3/h; the heat of barren liquor from tower bottom is7 kJ/h and the temperature of solution is 28℃; the upper column diameter is1.4m, the lower column diameter is 1.8m and the column pressure dropping is 2 021.4Pa. Key Words: absorption，flash，stripping 1总论 1.1概述 氨是重要的无机化工产品之一，在国民经济中占有重要地位。除液氨可直接作为肥料外，农业上使用的氮肥，例如尿素、硝酸铵、磷酸铵、氯化铵以及各种含氮复合肥，都是以氨为原料的。合成氨是大宗化工产品之