新概念2-grammar-被动语态.ppt

Passive Voice The Passive voice 动词被动语态: be + 过去分词 （ 及物动词 ） 被动语态是英语动词的一种特殊形式 . 汉语中往往用 “ 被 ” “ 受 ” 等词来表示被动意义 . 主动语态变为被动语态的方法 : 1 . 主动句中的宾语变成被动句的主语 . 2 . 主动句中的谓语动词变成被动句的 be + 过去分词 . 3 . 主动句中的主语变成被动句 by 的宾语 , 放在谓语动词后面 . 如果不强调动作执行者时 , by 短语可省略 . Many people speak English . English is spoken by many people . The Passive Voice 被动语态的各种时态变化 : 一般现在时 am , is , are + 过去分词 Children often sing the song . The song is often sung by children . 一般过去时 was , were + 过去分词 A PLA man saved him . He was saved by a PLA man . 一般将来时 ( The Future Indefinite Tense ) will be , shall be + 过去分词 They will take her to the hospital . She will be taken to the hospital . 现在进行时( The Present Continuous Tense ) am , is , are + being + 过去分词 We are mopping the floor now . The floor is being mopped now . 现在完成时 ( The Present Perfect Tense ) have , has + been +过去分词 The workers have built our school . Our school has been built by the workers . 情态动词 ( Modal Verbs ) 情态动词 + be +过去分词 We must clean the classroom every day . The classroom must be cleaned every day . The Passive voice 主动语态变成被动语态时要注意以下几点 : 1 . 含有双宾语的主动句变成被动句时 , 可以将其中一个宾语变为主语 , 另一个不动 . 一般把间接宾语变为主语 . 如 : Mary gave me a pen . I was given a pen by Mary . 如果把直接宾语变为主语 , 则在间接宾语前加 “ to ” 如 : A pen was given to me by Mary . 2 .含有复合宾语的主动句变为被动句时 , 将其中的宾语变为主语 , 宾补不变 . 如 : We asked him to speak at the meeting . He was asked to speak at the meeting . 3 . 如果主动句中的谓语是短语动词 , 变为被动句时 , 短语动词的介词或副词不可以丢掉 . 如 : They took good care of the boys . The boys were taken good care of . 4 . 在 “ let , make , see , hear , notice , watch , feel ” 等动词后面做宾语补足语的动词不定式不带 “ to ” , 但改成被动句时应加上 “ to ” . 如 : The doctor made me stay in bed for three days . I was made to stay in bed for thr