纯电动汽车复合储能系统及其控制策略.doc

纯电动汽车复合储能系统及其控制策略 　　摘 要：针对目前电动汽车由于蓄电池寿命和续航里程短导致其不能普及的现状，加入超级电容和DC/DC变换器构成复合储能系统，分析了汽车的运行状态，提出了一种改进的逻辑门限控制方法对复合储能系统进行能量控制。利用AVL CRUISE软件建立了整车模型，对能量控制策略进行了城市工况下的仿真验证。以48V 5kW的直流无刷电机及其控制器HPC300为载体，搭建了复合储能单元和其控制系统，仿真和实验结果表明该复合储能系统及其控制策略能够避免蓄电池的大电流输出和冲击，提高蓄电池的使用寿命和汽车的续航里程。 　　关键词：电动汽车；复合储能；控制策略；超级电容 　　DOI：10.15938/j.jhust.2018.03.014 　　中图分类号： TM91 　　文献标志码： A 　　文章编号： 1007-2683（2018）03-0079-07 　　Compound Energy Storage System and Energy Management Strategy for Electric Vehicles 　　ZHOU Mei-lan， ZHAO Jing-wen， ZHAO Li-ping 　　（School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering， Harbin University of Science and Technology，Harbin 150080， China） 　　Abstract：At present， the electric vehicles cannot be universal because of their short batteries life and driving range. An ultra-capacitor and a DC/DC converter were added to the pure electric vehicles constituting the compound energy storage system. Analyzing the operating state of vehicles， an improved logic threshold control method is proposed for controlling compound energy storage system. The whole vehicle model is established by using AVL CRUISE software， and the energy management strategy is simulated under urban condition.With the Brushless Direct Current Motor in 48V and 5kW and its controller HPC300 as the carrier， the compound energy storage system and its energy management system were built.The simulation and experimental results show that the compound energy storage system and its energy management strategy can avoid the input and output of high current of batteries， improve the life of batteries and the driving range of electric vehicles. 　　Keywords：electric vehicle； compound energy storage； control strategy； ultra-capacitor 　　0 引 言 　　在工?I化飞速发展的今天，汽车作为人们必不可少的交通工具，电动汽车已经成为其主要的发展趋势。当前，造成电动汽车无法广泛普及的重要原因就是电动汽车续航里程短和动力电池寿命短[1-2]。蓄电池具有高能量密度，但是由于不能承受瞬时大电流充放电，单一的蓄电池无法满足汽车性能的需求，因此提出了蓄电池、超级电容和双向 DC/DC变换器相结合的复合储能系统。超级电容具有高功率密度和长循环寿命，和蓄电池进行互补，能够延长续航里程，提高蓄电池的使用寿命[3-4]。国内外的学者对复合储能做了大量的研究，Toufik Azib等对燃料电池车采用了蓄电池和超级电容作为辅助储能装置，