鼎湖山季风常绿阔叶林凋落叶分解与土壤动物群落动态和多样性 .doc

鼎湖山季风常绿阔叶林凋落叶分解与土壤动物群落动态和多样性* 熊 燕1,2 刘 强2 陈 欢2 彭少麟 3** (1华东师范大学生命科学学院,上海200062;2海南师范学院生物系,海口571158;3中山大学生命科学学院,广州510275 摘 要 2001年12月~2002年12月,采用不同孔径分解凋落叶样袋法,对鼎湖山季风常绿阔叶林3类凋落叶的分解进行了研究,并对落叶分解过程中凋落叶袋内和袋下土样中的土壤动物群落和多样性进行了调查。结果表明,3种孔径袋内凋落叶的分解速率为大孔中孔微孔;混合凋落叶的分解速率大于单种凋落叶;蜱螨目在凋落叶分解的整个过程中相对数量都较高,弹尾目在凋落叶的分解过程中在凋落叶袋和土壤间移动,数量变化较大。凋落叶袋内大、中型土壤动物的个体数量在分解前期较多,中、小型土壤动物在分解的中期数量剧增;凋落叶袋内土壤动物的个体数量、密度以及多样性指数都随着落叶的分解而增加,9月最高;土壤样内则在分解的前期较高,以后逐渐降低。凋落叶的分解和土壤动物群落动态及多样性受凋落叶基质质量以及样地温度、降雨量等综合因素的影响。关键词 落叶分解,土壤动物,群落,多样性,亚热带,鼎湖山 中图分类号 Q958 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1000-4890(200510-1120-00 Leaf litter decomposition of monsoon evergreen broadleaved f orest and dynamics and diversity of soil fauna community in Dinghu Mountain .XIO NG Y an 1,2,L IU Q iang 2,CHEN Huan 2,PENG Shaolin 3(1School of Lif e Science,East China Nor mal Univ ersity ,Shanghai 200062,China;2Dep ar tment of Biology ,H ainan N or mal University ,H aikou 571158,China;3School of Lif e Science,Suny atsen University ,Guangz hou ,510275,China.Chinese Jour nal of Ecology ,2005,24(10:1120~1126. With litterbag method,this paper studied the leaf litter decomposition of monsoon evergreen broadleaf forests in Dinghu M ountain,and t he dynamics and div ersity of soil fauna community within and out of bags from Dec.2001to Dec.2002.T he r esults showed that the decomposition r ate of leaf litter in bags with different mesh sizes was decreased in o rder of coarse size medium size fine size.M ixed litters decomposed more r apidly than single species litters.Acarina was the most abundant group of soil fauna in litter bags and so il dur -ing the process of litter deco mposition,while the individuals of Collembola had a gr eater change during litter decomposition.T he density,diversit y index ,and the numbers of groups and indiv iduals o f so il fauna in lit -terbags increased with litter decomposition,especially in the 9th month.T he diversity index and the numbers of the individuals of important soil fauna in so il were hig her in early than in mid -and late sta