病毒性肝炎1_培训课件.ppt

* 16 * Key messages Hepatitis B is one of the most common infectious diseases in the world. There are 350 million chronic carriers of the hepatitis B virus worldwide. Hepatitis B is the ninth leading cause of death worldwide. Geographical prevalence varies widely throughout the world. Nearly 75% of HBV chronic carriers are Asian. Points of explanation The geographical prevalence of hepatitis B varies from a highly endemic disease in Asia and Africa to a disease of low prevalence in North America and Western Europe. Additional information More than 2 billion people worldwide have been infected with HBV though not all of these have become chronically infected. The majority of hepatocellular carcinoma in Asia results from hepatitis B virus infection References Margolis HS, Alter JH, Habler SC. Hepatitis B: evolving epidemiology and implications for control. Sem Liver Dis 1991;11:84-92 Mast EE, Alter JH. Epidemology of viral hepatitis: an overview. Sem Viral 1993;4:273-283 World Health Organisation Data * There are an estimated 350 million chronic carriers of HBV worldwide. More than 75% of these people live in the Western Pacific and Asian regions. Chronic hepatitis B infection is the ninth leading cause of death worldwide - it is estimated that up to 2 million people die each year as a result of HBV infection. Up to 25% of the 350 million carriers worldwide will die as a result of the consequences of infection, such as liver cirrhosis and liver cancer. References: The World Health Report. WHO 1998. Mast EE, Alter MJ. Epidemiology of viral hepatitis: an overview. Sem Virol 1993; 4; 273-283. Lee WM. Hepatitis B virus infection. N Engl J Med 1997; 337: 1733-1745. Boag F. Hepatitis B: heterosexual transmission and vaccination strategies. Int J STD AIDS 1991; 2: 318-324. Gust ID. Epidemiology of hepatitis B infection in the Western Pacific and South East Asia. Gut 1996; 38 (suppl 2): S18-S23. * Slide *. HCV 感染：全球性流行 “我们面